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Recent precise measurements at Jupiter's and Saturn's gravity fields constrain the properties of the zonal flows in the outer envelopes of these planets. A simplified dynamic equation, sometimes called the thermal wind or…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-22 Johannes Wicht , Wieland Dietrich , Paula Wulff , Ulrich R. Christensen

Recent structure models of Jupiter that match Juno gravity data suggest that the planet harbours an extended region in its deep interior that is enriched in heavy elements, a so-called dilute/fuzzy core. This finding raises the question of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-01 Simon Müller , Ravit Helled , Andrew Cumming

We present mid-infrared spectroscopy of Jupiter's mid-to-high latitudes using Gemini-North/TEXES (Texas Echelon Cross Echelle Spectrograph) on March 17-19, 2017. These observations capture Jupiter's hydrocarbon auroral emissions before,…

The Juno orbiter continues to collect data on Jupiter's gravity field with unprecedented precision since 2016, recently reporting a non-hydrostatic component in the tidal response of the planet. At the mid-mission perijove 17, Juno…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-14 Benjamin Idini , David J. Stevenson

We determine the observability in transmission of inhomogeneous cloud cover on the limbs of hot Jupiters through post processing a general circulation model to include cloud distributions computed using a cloud microphysics model. We find…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Diana Powell , Tom Louden , Laura Kreidberg , Xi Zhang , Peter Gao , Vivien Parmentier

Hot Jupiters have been predicted to have a strong day/night temperature contrast and a hot spot shifted eastward of the substellar point. This was confirmed by numerous phase curve observations probing the longitudinal brightness variation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-18 Vivien Parmentier , Adam P. Showman , Jonathan J. Fortney

The atmospheric structure of gas giants, especially those of Jupiter and Saturn, has been an object of scientific studies for a long time. The measurement of the gravitational fields by the Juno mission for Jupiter and the Cassini mission…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 Tim-Jonas Peter , Volker Michel , Franz-Theo Suttmeier , Johannes Wicht

Through the process of thermal ionization, intense stellar irradiation renders Hot Jupiter atmospheres electrically conductive. Simultaneously, lateral variability in the irradiation drives the global circulation with peak wind speeds of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Konstantin Batygin , Sabine Stanley , David J. Stevenson

We report on dust measurements obtained during the seventh orbit of the Galileo spacecraft about Jupiter. %which had a close flyby at Ganymede. The most prominent features observed are highly time variable dust streams recorded throughout…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 H. Krüger , E. Grün , A. Graps , A. Heck , S. Lammers

Jet impingement enhances heat transfer and is characterised by the complex flow patterns formed when a jet impacts a plate aligned normal to it. While traditional round jet impingement has been extensively studied to understand flow and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-05-30 Premchand V. Chandra , Pradip Dutta

Post equinox imaging of Uranus by HST, Keck, and Gemini telescopes has enabled new measurements of winds over previously sampled latitudes as well as measurements at high northern latitudes that have recently come into better view. These…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-03 Lawrence Sromovsky , Patrick Fry , Heidi Hammel , Imke de Pater , Kathy Rages

Jupiter's poles feature striking polygons of cyclones that drift westward over time, a motion governed by beta-drift (vortex motion caused by the latitudinal variation of the Coriolis force). This study investigates how beta-drift and the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-04 Nimrod Gavriel , Yohai Kaspi

The recently approved Juno mission will orbit Jupiter for one year in a highly eccentric (r_min=1.06R_Jup, r_max=39R_Jup) polar orbit (i=90 deg) to accurately map, among other things, the jovian magnetic and gravitational fields. Such an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-18 Lorenzo Iorio

The zonal winds on the surfaces of giant planets vary with latitude. Jupiter and Saturn, for example, have several bands of alternating eastward (prograde) and westward (retrograde) jets relative to the angular velocity of their global…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Gary A. Glatzmaier , Martha Evonuk , Tamara M. Rogers

Gaseous giants are characterized by their deep atmospheres, which lack clear boundaries with their interiors; therefore, their internal states could directly influence atmospheric dynamics. So far, most modeling studies have considered deep…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-31 Yuchen Lian , Pengshuo Duan , Dali Kong

In anticipation of improved observational data for Jupiter's gravitational field from the Juno spacecraft, we predict the static tidal response for a variety of Jupiter interior models based on ab initio computer simulations of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-29 Sean M. Wahl , Willam B. Hubbard , Burkhard Militzer

We present the detection and characterisation of mesoscale waves on the lower clouds of Venus using images from the Visible Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer onboard the European Venus Express space mission and from the 2 $\mu$m camera…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-19 J. E. Silva , P. Machado , J. Peralta , F. Brasil , S. Lebonnois , M. Lefèvre

The inflated radii observed in hundreds of hot Jupiters (HJ) represent a long-standing open issue. In this study, we quantitatively investigate this phenomenon within the framework of Ohmic dissipation arising from magnetic induction in the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-27 Daniele Viganò , Soumya Sengupta , Clàudia Soriano-Guerrero , Rosalba Perna , Albert Elias-López , Sandeep Kumar , Taner Akgün

A compact wave pattern has been identified on Jupiter's fastest retrograding jet at 20S (the SEBs) on the southern edge of the South Equatorial Belt. The wave has been identified in both reflected sunlight from amateur observations between…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-26 J. H. Rogers , L. N. Fletcher , G. Adamoli , M. Jacquesson , M. Vedovato , G. S. Orton

The flow of material from Io's volcanoes into the Io plasma torus, out into the magnetosphere, and along field lines into Jupiter's upper atmosphere is not adequately understood. The lack of observations of spatial and temporal variations…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-29 Phillip H. Phipps , Paul Withers
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