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The possible existence of primordial black holes (PBHs) is an open question in modern cosmology. Among the probes to test it, gravitational waves (GW) coming from their mergers constitute a powerful tool. In this work, we study how stellar…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-22 Sarah Libanore , Michele Liguori , Alvise Raccanelli

We present a fast and versatile method to calculate the characteristic spectrum $h_c$ of the gravitational wave background (GWB) emitted by a population of eccentric massive black hole binaries (MBHBs). We fit the spectrum of a reference…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-12 Siyuan Chen , Alberto Sesana , Walter Del Pozzo

The dynamical formation channels of gravitational wave (GW) sources typically involve a stage when the compact object binary source interacts with the environment, which may excite its eccentricity, yielding efficient GW emission. For the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-28 Zeyuan Xuan , Smadar Naoz , Bence Kocsis , Erez Michaely

With the strong evidence for a gravitational wave (GW) background in the nanohertz frequency band from pulsar timing arrays, the detection of continuous GWs from individual supermassive black hole binaries is already at the dawn. Utilizing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-23 Dicong Liang , Siyuan Chen , Chao Zhang , Lijing Shao

Massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) could be the loudest gravitational-wave (GW) sources in milli-Hertz (mHz) GW band, but their dynamical evolution may stall when the black holes reach the innermost parsec of a galaxy. Such a "final-parsec…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-12-25 Liang-Gui Zhu , Xian Chen

The recent discovery of gravitational waves (GWs) from stellar-mass binary black holes (BBHs) provided direct evidence of the existence of these systems. BBH lenses would have gravitational microlensing signatures that are distinct from…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-03-20 Daniel H. Eilbott , Alexander H. Riley , Jonathan H. Cohn , Michael Kesden , Lindsay J. King

A large population of binary systems in the Universe emitting gravitational waves (GW) would produce a stochastic noise, known as the gravitational wave background (GWB). The properties of the GWB directly depend on the attributes of its…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-04 Mikel Falxa , Hippolyte Quelquejay Leclere , Alberto Sesana

Following the recent evidence for a gravitational wave (GW) background found by pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments, the next major science milestone is resolving individual supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs). The detection of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-21 Polina Petrov , Levi Schult , Stephen R. Taylor , Nihan Pol , Nima Laal , Maria Charisi , Chung-Pei Ma

Burst searches identify gravitational-wave (GW) signals in the detector data without use of a specific signal model, unlike the matched-filter searches that correlate data with simulated signal waveforms (templates). While matched filters…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-25 Tanmaya Mishra , Shubhagata Bhaumik , V. Gayathri , Marek J. Szczepańczyk , Imre Bartos , Sergey Klimenko

Gravitational waves (GWs) signals detected by the LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA collaboration might be sourced (partly) by the merges of primordial black holes (PBHs). The conventional hierarchical Bayesian inference methods can allow us to study…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-26 Hai-Long Huang , Zhan-He Wang , Qing-Yu Lan , Jun-Qian Jiang , Jibin He , Yu-Tong Wang , Jun Zhang , Yun-Song Piao

In order to investigate the formation rate of binary black holes (BBHs) in stellar clusters with a mass comparable to open clusters, we performed a series of direct $N$-body simulations of open clusters with a mass of $2.5\times10^3$ (Model…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-04-24 Jun Kumamoto , Michiko S. Fujii , Ataru Tanikawa

The higher-multipoles of gravitational wave signals from coalescing compact binaries play a vital role in the accurate reconstruction of source properties, bringing about a deeper and nuanced understanding of fundamental physics and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-03-17 Soumen Roy , Anand S. Sengupta , K. G. Arun

The observed binary black hole (BBH) mergers indicate a large Galactic progenitor population continuously evolving from large orbital separations and low gravitational wave (GW) frequencies to the final merger phase. We investigate the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-04-19 Xiao Fang , Todd A. Thompson , Christopher M. Hirata

A single space-based gravitational wave detector will push the boundaries of astronomy and fundamental physics. Having a network of two or more detectors would significantly improve source localization. Here we consider how dual networks of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-06 Kevin J. Shuman , Neil J. Cornish

Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTA) around the world are using the incredible consistency of millisecond pulsars to measure low frequency gravitational waves from (super)Massive Black Hole (MBH) binaries. We use comprehensive MBH merger models based…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-09-06 Luke Zoltan Kelley , Laura Blecha , Lars Hernquist , Alberto Sesana , Stephen R. Taylor

Many scenarios have been proposed for the origin of the supermassive black holes (SMBHs) that are found in the centres of most galaxies. Many of these formation scenarios predict a high-redshift population of intermediate-mass black holes…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Joseph E. Plowman , Daniel C. Jacobs , Ronald W. Hellings , Shane L. Larson , Sachiko Tsuruta

Gravitational wave observations of binary black hole mergers probe their astrophysical origins via the binary spin, namely the spin magnitudes and directions of each component black hole, together described by six degrees of freedom.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-15 Simona J. Miller , Zoe Ko , Thomas A. Callister , Katerina Chatziioannou

The proposed space gravitational wave (GW) detector LISA has potential to detect stellar-mass black hole binaries (BBHs). The majority of the detected BBHs are expected to emit nearly monochromatic GWs, whose frequency evolution will be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-21 Naoki Seto

We present a framework to quantify the clustering of gravitational wave (GW) transient sources and measure their spatial cross-correlation with the large-scale structure (LSS) of the universe using the $k$-nearest neighbour ($k$NN)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-03 Kaustubh Rajesh Gupta , Arka Banerjee

According to General Relativity (GR), gravitational waves (GWs) should travel at the speed of light $c$. However, some theories beyond GR predict deviations of the velocity of GWs $c_{\rm gw}$ from $c$, and some of those expect vacuum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-07 Tian-Yong Cao , Shu-Xu Yi