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Instruction fine-tuning has emerged as a critical technique for customizing Large Language Models (LLMs) to specific applications. However, recent studies have highlighted significant security vulnerabilities in fine-tuned LLMs. Existing…
Many complex cyber-physical systems can be modeled as heterogeneous components interacting with each other in real-time. We assume that the correctness of each component can be specified as a requirement satisfied by the output signals…
Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in agentic systems, where a fundamental task is mapping user intents to relevant external tools. Errors in tool selection can have severe outcomes, such as unauthorized data access,…
Cloud computing has become inevitable for every digital service which has exponentially increased its usage. However, a tremendous surge in cloud resource demand stave off service availability resulting into outages, performance…
There has been an increasing interest in using neural networks in closed-loop control systems to improve performance and reduce computational costs for on-line implementation. However, providing safety and stability guarantees for these…
Specification mining offers a solution by automating security specification for hardware. Specification miners use a form of machine learning to specify behaviors of a system by studying a system in execution. However, specification mining…
As integrated circuit technologies continue to scale toward advanced process nodes, the continual reduction in node capacitance and supply voltage has made digital systems increasingly vulnerable to soft errors. Although traditional…
In this treatise, my research on methods to improve efficiency, reliability, and security of reconfigurable hardware systems, i.e., FPGAs, through partial dynamic reconfiguration is outlined. The efficiency of reconfigurable systems can be…
Realm Management Monitor (RMM) is an essential firmware component within the recent Arm Confidential Computing Architecture (Arm CCA). Previous work applies formal techniques to verify the specification and prototype reference…
Recent parameter-efficient finetuning (PEFT) techniques aim to improve over the considerable cost of fully finetuning large pretrained language models (PLM). As different PEFT techniques proliferate, it is becoming difficult to compare…
Recent years have brought a surge of efforts in rethinking the vehicle's electrical and/or electronic (E/E) architecture as well as the development process to reduce complexity and enable automation, connectivity, and electromobility.…
This paper introduces a Fault Diagnosis (Detection, Isolation, and Estimation) method using Set-Membership Estimation (SME) designed for a class of nonlinear systems that are linear to the fault parameters. The methodology advances fault…
This is a technical report that extends and clarifies the results presented in [1]. The model identification problem for asymptotically stable linear time invariant systems is considered. The system output is affected by an additive noise…
Testing-based fault localization has been a research focus in software engineering in the past decades. It localizes faulty program elements based on a set of passing and failing test executions. Since whether a fault could be triggered and…
Because of constraints imposed by the market, embedded software in consumer electronics is almost inevitably shipped with faults and the goal is just to reduce the inherent unreliability to an acceptable level before a product has to be…
The embedding of fault tolerance provisions into the application layer of a programming language is a non-trivial task that has not found a satisfactory solution yet. Such a solution is very important, and the lack of a simple, coherent and…
Loop vulnerabilities are one major risky construct in software development. They can easily lead to infinite loops or executions, exhaust resources, or introduce logical errors that degrade performance and compromise security. The problem…
Legal properties involve reasoning about data values and time. Metric first-order temporal logic (MFOTL) provides a rich formalism for specifying legal properties. While MFOTL has been successfully used for verifying legal properties over…
Signal Temporal Logic (STL) specifications play a crucial role in defining complex temporal properties and behaviors in safety-critical cyber-physical systems (CPS). However, fault diagnosis (FD) and fault-tolerant control (FTC) for CPS…
We employ an evolutionary optimization framework that perturbs initial states to generate informative and diverse policy demonstrations. A joint surrogate fitness function guides the optimization by combining local diversity, behavioral…