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Due to the recent advances of natural language processing, several works have applied the pre-trained masked language model (MLM) of BERT to the post-correction of speech recognition. However, existing pre-trained models only consider the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Yi-Chang Chen , Chun-Yen Cheng , Chien-An Chen , Ming-Chieh Sung , Yi-Ren Yeh

We improve automatic correction of grammatical, orthographic, and collocation errors in text using a multilayer convolutional encoder-decoder neural network. The network is initialized with embeddings that make use of character N-gram…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-01-29 Shamil Chollampatt , Hwee Tou Ng

Model ensemble has been in widespread use for Grammatical Error Correction (GEC), boosting model performance. We hypothesize that model ensemble based on the perplexity (PPL) computed by pre-trained language models (PLMs) should benefit the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Chenming Tang , Xiuyu Wu , Yunfang Wu

Decoder-only large language models have shown superior performance in the fluency-edit English Grammatical Error Correction, but their adaptation for minimal-edit English GEC is still underexplored. To improve their effectiveness in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Ryszard Staruch , Filip Graliński , Daniel Dzienisiewicz

The success of bidirectional encoders using masked language models, such as BERT, on numerous natural language processing tasks has prompted researchers to attempt to incorporate these pre-trained models into neural machine translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Haoran Xu , Benjamin Van Durme , Kenton Murray

Pretrained Masked Language Models (MLMs) have revolutionised NLP in recent years. However, previous work has indicated that off-the-shelf MLMs are not effective as universal lexical or sentence encoders without further task-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Fangyu Liu , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen , Nigel Collier

Masked language modeling (MLM) has been widely used for pre-training effective bidirectional representations, but incurs substantial training costs. In this paper, we propose a novel concept-based curriculum masking (CCM) method to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Mingyu Lee , Jun-Hyung Park , Junho Kim , Kang-Min Kim , SangKeun Lee

Large language models (LLMs) finetuned to follow human instruction have recently exhibited significant capabilities in various English NLP tasks. However, their performance in grammatical error correction (GEC), especially on languages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Sang Yun Kwon , Gagan Bhatia , El Moatez Billah Nagoudi , Muhammad Abdul-Mageed

Language model pre-training has proven to be useful in learning universal language representations. As a state-of-the-art language model pre-training model, BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) has achieved amazing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-06 Chi Sun , Xipeng Qiu , Yige Xu , Xuanjing Huang

While BERT is an effective method for learning monolingual sentence embeddings for semantic similarity and embedding based transfer learning (Reimers and Gurevych, 2019), BERT based cross-lingual sentence embeddings have yet to be explored.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Fangxiaoyu Feng , Yinfei Yang , Daniel Cer , Naveen Arivazhagan , Wei Wang

Masked Language Modeling (MLM) has been one of the most prominent approaches for pretraining bidirectional text encoders due to its simplicity and effectiveness. One notable concern about MLM is that the special $\texttt{[MASK]}$ symbol…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Yu Meng , Jitin Krishnan , Sinong Wang , Qifan Wang , Yuning Mao , Han Fang , Marjan Ghazvininejad , Jiawei Han , Luke Zettlemoyer

Large-scale pre-trained language model such as BERT has achieved great success in language understanding tasks. However, it remains an open question how to utilize BERT for language generation. In this paper, we present a novel approach,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Yen-Chun Chen , Zhe Gan , Yu Cheng , Jingzhou Liu , Jingjing Liu

Masked language modeling (MLM) has been one of the most popular pretraining recipes in natural language processing, e.g., BERT, one of the representative models. Recently, contrastive language-image pretraining (CLIP) has also attracted…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Zhihong Chen , Guiming Hardy Chen , Shizhe Diao , Xiang Wan , Benyou Wang

Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) should not focus only on high accuracy of corrections but also on interpretability for language learning. However, existing neural-based GEC models mainly aim at improving accuracy, and their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Masahiro Kaneko , Sho Takase , Ayana Niwa , Naoaki Okazaki

This paper presents a simple recipe to train state-of-the-art multilingual Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) models. We achieve this by first proposing a language-agnostic method to generate a large number of synthetic examples. The second…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Sascha Rothe , Jonathan Mallinson , Eric Malmi , Sebastian Krause , Aliaksei Severyn

Automated assistants for Grammatical Error Correction are now embedded in educational platforms serving millions of learners, yet three critical gaps remain in this domain: (1) latest-generation Large Language Models (LLMs) lack…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Adnan Labib , Qiao Wang , Yixuan Huang , Zheng Yuan

In this paper, we explore the capacity of a language model-based method for grammatical error detection in detail. We first show that 5 to 10% of training data are enough for a BERT-based error detection method to achieve performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Ryo Nagata , Manabu Kimura , Kazuaki Hanawa

Masked language modeling (MLM) pre-training models such as BERT corrupt the input by replacing some tokens with [MASK] and then train a model to reconstruct the original tokens. This is an effective technique which has led to good results…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Andy Wagner , Tiyasa Mitra , Mrinal Iyer , Godfrey Da Costa , Marc Tremblay

This paper presents an improved LLM based model for Grammatical Error Detection (GED), which is a very challenging and equally important problem for many applications. The traditional approach to GED involved hand-designed features, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Rahul Nihalani , Kushal Shah

Large pre-trained language models (LMs) are known to encode substantial amounts of linguistic information. However, high-level reasoning skills, such as numerical reasoning, are difficult to learn from a language-modeling objective only.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Mor Geva , Ankit Gupta , Jonathan Berant