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Feature based explanations, that provide importance of each feature towards the model prediction, is arguably one of the most intuitive ways to explain a model. In this paper, we establish a novel set of evaluation criteria for such feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-12 Cheng-Yu Hsieh , Chih-Kuan Yeh , Xuanqing Liu , Pradeep Ravikumar , Seungyeon Kim , Sanjiv Kumar , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Shapley values have become one of the go-to methods to explain complex models to end-users. They provide a model agnostic post-hoc explanation with foundations in game theory: what is the worth of a player (in machine learning, a feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Joran Michiels , Maarten De Vos , Johan Suykens

Feature-importance methods show promise in transforming machine learning models from predictive engines into tools for scientific discovery. However, due to data sampling and algorithmic stochasticity, expressive models can be unstable,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-29 Joseph Paillard , Angel Reyero Lobo , Denis A. Engemann , Bertrand Thirion

The recent criticisms of the robustness of post hoc model approximation explanation methods (like LIME and SHAP) have led to the rise of model-precise abductive explanations. For each data point, abductive explanations provide a minimal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Gagan Biradar , Yacine Izza , Elita Lobo , Vignesh Viswanathan , Yair Zick

We introduce instancewise feature selection as a methodology for model interpretation. Our method is based on learning a function to extract a subset of features that are most informative for each given example. This feature selector is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-15 Jianbo Chen , Le Song , Martin J. Wainwright , Michael I. Jordan

Shapley values has established itself as one of the most appropriate and theoretically sound frameworks for explaining predictions from complex machine learning models. The popularity of Shapley values in the explanation setting is probably…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-24 Martin Jullum , Annabelle Redelmeier , Kjersti Aas

For neural models to garner widespread public trust and ensure fairness, we must have human-intelligible explanations for their predictions. Recently, an increasing number of works focus on explaining the predictions of neural models in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Oana-Maria Camburu , Eleonora Giunchiglia , Jakob Foerster , Thomas Lukasiewicz , Phil Blunsom

We regard explanations as a blending of the input sample and the model's output and offer a few definitions that capture various desired properties of the function that generates these explanations. We study the links between these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-16 Lior Wolf , Tomer Galanti , Tamir Hazan

Explaining complex or seemingly simple machine learning models is an important practical problem. We want to explain individual predictions from a complex machine learning model by learning simple, interpretable explanations. Shapley values…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-07 Kjersti Aas , Martin Jullum , Anders Løland

Game-theoretic formulations of feature importance have become popular as a way to "explain" machine learning models. These methods define a cooperative game between the features of a model and distribute influence among these input elements…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-01 I. Elizabeth Kumar , Suresh Venkatasubramanian , Carlos Scheidegger , Sorelle Friedler

In order to ensure the reliability of the explanations of machine learning models, it is crucial to establish their advantages and limits and in which case each of these methods outperform. However, the current understanding of when and how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Célia Wafa Ayad , Thomas Bonnier , Benjamin Bosch , Sonali Parbhoo , Jesse Read

Model-agnostic feature attributions can provide local insights in complex ML models. If the explanation is correct, a domain expert can validate and trust the model's decision. However, if it contradicts the expert's knowledge, related work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Joran Michiels , Maarten De Vos , Johan Suykens

Explaining the decision-making process of machine learning models is crucial for ensuring their reliability and transparency for end users. One popular explanation form highlights key input features, such as i) tokens (e.g., Shapley Values…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Jingyi Sun , Pepa Atanasova , Isabelle Augenstein

Interpretable machine learning has become a very active area of research due to the rising popularity of machine learning algorithms and their inherently challenging interpretability. Most work in this area has been focused on the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-09 Quay Au , Julia Herbinger , Clemens Stachl , Bernd Bischl , Giuseppe Casalicchio

With the growing pervasiveness of artificial intelligence, the ability to explain the inferences made by machine learning models has become increasingly important. Numerous techniques for model explainability have been proposed, with…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Nicola Rossberg , Bennett Kleinberg , Barry O'Sullivan , Luca Longo , Andrea Visentin

Explanations of model behavior are commonly evaluated via proxy properties weakly tied to the purposes explanations serve in practice. We contribute a decision theoretic framework that treats explanations as information signals valued by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Ziyang Guo , Berk Ustun , Jessica Hullman

It is a mystery which input features contribute to a neural network's output. Various explanation (feature attribution) methods are proposed in the literature to shed light on the problem. One peculiar observation is that these explanations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Ashkan Khakzar , Pedram Khorsandi , Rozhin Nobahari , Nassir Navab

Explainability is crucial for improving the transparency of black-box machine learning models. With the advancement of explanation methods such as LIME and SHAP, various XAI performance metrics have been developed to evaluate the quality of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Sujoy Chatterjee , Everton Romanzini Colombo , Marcos Medeiros Raimundo

Model interpretability is one of the most intriguing problems in most of the Machine Learning models, particularly for those that are mathematically sophisticated. Computing Shapley Values are arguably the best approach so far to find the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-15 Indranil Basu , Subhadip Maji

Despite a growing literature on explaining neural networks, no consensus has been reached on how to explain a neural network decision or how to evaluate an explanation. Our contributions in this paper are twofold. First, we investigate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-23 Laura Rieger , Lars Kai Hansen
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