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Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as agents that orchestrate tasks and integrate external tools to execute complex workflows. We demonstrate that these interactive behaviors leave distinctive fingerprints in encrypted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Yixiang Zhang , Xinhao Deng , Zhongyi Gu , Yihao Chen , Ke Xu , Qi Li , Jianping Wu

Anonymous communication systems (ACS) offer privacy and anonymity through the Internet. They are mostly free tools and are popular among users all over the world. In the recent years, anonymity applications faced many problems regarding…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-12-21 Mehran Alidoost Nia , Eduard Babulak , Benjamin Fabian , Reza Ebrahimi Atani

There is an increase in global malware threats. To address this, an encryption-type ransomware has been introduced on the Android operating system. The challenges associated with malicious threats in phone use have become a pressing issue…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Parick Ozoh , John K Omoniyi , Bukola Ibitoye

Due to the numerous advantages of machine learning (ML) algorithms, many applications now incorporate them. However, many studies in the field of image classification have shown that MLs can be fooled by a variety of adversarial attacks.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Islam Debicha , Benjamin Cochez , Tayeb Kenaza , Thibault Debatty , Jean-Michel Dricot , Wim Mees

The ubiquitous presence of mobile communication devices and the continuous development of mo- bile data applications, which results in high level of mobile devices' activity and exchanged data, often transparent to the user, makes privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-09-12 Myrto Arapinis , Loretta Ilaria Mancini , Eike Ritter , Mark Ryan

Recent work in traffic analysis has shown that traffic patterns leaked through side channels can be used to recover important semantic information. For instance, attackers can find out which website, or which page on a website, a user is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-09-02 Xun Gong , Negar Kiyavash , Nabíl Schear , Nikita Borisov

Smishing, also known as SMS phishing, is a type of fraudulent communication in which an attacker disguises SMS communications to deceive a target into providing their sensitive data. Smishing attacks use a variety of tactics; however, they…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Daniel Timko , Muhammad Lutfor Rahman

The proliferation of smartphone devices has led to the emergence of powerful user services from enabling interactions with friends and business associates to mapping, finding nearby businesses and alerting users in real-time. Moreover,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Dimitrios Tomaras , Michail Tsenos , Vana Kalogeraki

Over the past years, literature has shown that attacks exploiting the microarchitecture of modern processors pose a serious threat to the privacy of mobile phone users. This is because applications leave distinct footprints in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Berk Gulmezoglu , Andreas Zankl , M. Caner Tol , Saad Islam , Thomas Eisenbarth , Berk Sunar

The recent decade has witnessed phenomenal growth in communication technology. Development of user-friendly software platforms, such as Facebook, WhatsApp etc. have facilitated ease of communication and thereby people have started freely…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Ayush Bahuguna , Ashutosh Bhatia , Kamlesh Tiwari , Deepak Vishwakarma

IMSI Catchers are tracking devices that break the privacy of the subscribers of mobile access networks, with disruptive effects to both the communication services and the trust and credibility of mobile network operators. Recently, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-02-16 Stig F. Mjølsnes , Ruxandra F. Olimid

Traffic analysis attacks remain a significant problem for online security. Communication between nodes can be observed by network level attackers as it inherently takes place in the open. Despite online services increasingly using encrypted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Jeppe Fredsgaard Blaabjerg , Aslan Askarov

A high volume of recent ML security literature focuses on attacks against aligned large language models (LLMs). These attacks may extract private information or coerce the model into producing harmful outputs. In real-world deployments,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Ang Li , Yin Zhou , Vethavikashini Chithrra Raghuram , Tom Goldstein , Micah Goldblum

As people's demand for personal privacy and data security becomes a priority, encrypted traffic has become mainstream in the cyber world. However, traffic encryption is also shielding malicious and illegal traffic introduced by adversaries,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Zihao Wang , Kar-Wai Fok , Vrizlynn L. L. Thing

Popular instant messaging applications such as WhatsApp and Signal provide end-to-end encryption for billions of users. They rely on a centralized, application-specific server to distribute public keys and relay encrypted messages between…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Tarun Kumar Yadav , Devashish Gosain , Amir Herzberg , Daniel Zappala , Kent Seamons

Over the years, use of smartphones has come to dominate several areas, improving our lives, offering us convenience, and reshaping our daily work circumstances. Beyond traditional use for communication, they are used for many peripheral…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Ashutosh Bhatiaa , Ankit AgrawalaAyush Bahugunaa , Kamlesh Tiwaria , K. Haribabua , Deepak Vishwakarmab

A plethora of contact tracing apps have been developed and deployed in several countries around the world in the battle against Covid-19. However, people are rightfully concerned about the security and privacy risks of such applications. To…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Pietro Tedeschi , Spiridon Bakiras , Roberto Di Pietro

Researchers and commercial companies have made a lot of efforts on detecting malware in Android platform. However, a recent malware threat, App collusion, makes malware detection challenging. In App collusion, two or more Apps collaborate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-03-15 Jice Wang , Hongqi Wu

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into various pipelines is increasingly widespread, effectively automating many manual tasks and often surpassing human capabilities. Cybersecurity researchers and practitioners have recognised…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Constantinos Patsakis , Fran Casino , Nikolaos Lykousas

Modern life has witnessed the explosion of mobile devices. However, besides the valuable features that bring convenience to end users, security and privacy risks still threaten users of mobile apps. The increasing sophistication of these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Tran Thanh Lam Nguyen , Barbara Carminati , Elena Ferrari