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This research article examines the effectiveness of various pretraining strategies for developing machine translation models tailored to low-resource languages. Although this work considers several low-resource languages, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Idriss Nguepi Nguefack , Mara Finkelstein , Toadoum Sari Sakayo

Pretrained language models (PTLMs) are typically learned over a large, static corpus and further fine-tuned for various downstream tasks. However, when deployed in the real world, a PTLM-based model must deal with data distributions that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Xisen Jin , Dejiao Zhang , Henghui Zhu , Wei Xiao , Shang-Wen Li , Xiaokai Wei , Andrew Arnold , Xiang Ren

Multilingual machine translation, which translates multiple languages with a single model, has attracted much attention due to its efficiency of offline training and online serving. However, traditional multilingual translation usually…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Xu Tan , Yi Ren , Di He , Tao Qin , Zhou Zhao , Tie-Yan Liu

The impressive capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have sparked debate over whether these models genuinely generalize to unseen tasks or predominantly rely on memorizing vast amounts of pretraining data. To explore this issue, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Xinyi Wang , Antonis Antoniades , Yanai Elazar , Alfonso Amayuelas , Alon Albalak , Kexun Zhang , William Yang Wang

Pre-training models on vast quantities of unlabeled data has emerged as an effective approach to improving accuracy on many NLP tasks. On the other hand, traditional machine translation has a long history of leveraging unlabeled data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Shruti Bhosale , Kyra Yee , Sergey Edunov , Michael Auli

Tokenization serves as a foundational step for Large Language Models (LLMs) to process text. In new domains or languages, the inefficiency of the tokenizer will slow down the training and generation of LLM. The mismatch in vocabulary also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Chong Li , Jiajun Zhang , Chengqing Zong

Large language models (LLMs) are routinely pre-trained on billions of tokens, only to start the process over again once new data becomes available. A much more efficient solution is to continually pre-train these models, saving significant…

This paper proposes a novel method to inject custom terminology into neural machine translation at run time. Previous works have mainly proposed modifications to the decoding algorithm in order to constrain the output to include…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Georgiana Dinu , Prashant Mathur , Marcello Federico , Yaser Al-Onaizan

The integration of language models for neural machine translation has been extensively studied in the past. It has been shown that an external language model, trained on additional target-side monolingual data, can help improve translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Christian Herold , Yingbo Gao , Mohammad Zeineldeen , Hermann Ney

Recent research has explored how Language Models (LMs) can be used for feature representation and prediction in tabular machine learning tasks. This involves employing text serialization and supervised fine-tuning (SFT) techniques. Despite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Kyoka Ono , Simon A. Lee

Neural machine translation (NMT) offers a novel alternative formulation of translation that is potentially simpler than statistical approaches. However to reach competitive performance, NMT models need to be exceedingly large. In this paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-23 Yoon Kim , Alexander M. Rush

In recent years, pretrained neural language models (PNLMs) have taken the field of natural language processing by storm, achieving new benchmarks and state-of-the-art performances. These models often rely heavily on annotated data, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Hoang Van

Accurate terminology translation is crucial for ensuring the practicality and reliability of neural machine translation (NMT) systems. To address this, lexically constrained NMT explores various methods to ensure pre-specified words and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Gyubok Lee , Seongjun Yang , Edward Choi

Trained on the large corpus, pre-trained language models (PLMs) can capture different levels of concepts in context and hence generate universal language representations. They can benefit multiple downstream natural language processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Nankai Lin , Yingwen Fu , Chuwei Chen , Ziyu Yang , Shengyi Jiang

Using translation memories (TMs) as prompts is a promising approach to in-context learning of machine translation models. In this work, we take a step towards prompting large language models (LLMs) with TMs and making them better…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Yongyu Mu , Abudurexiti Reheman , Zhiquan Cao , Yuchun Fan , Bei Li , Yinqiao Li , Tong Xiao , Chunliang Zhang , Jingbo Zhu

The scarcity of parallel data is a major obstacle for training high-quality machine translation systems for low-resource languages. Fortunately, some low-resource languages are linguistically related or similar to high-resource languages;…

As Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in diverse applications, faithfully integrating evolving factual knowledge into these models remains a critical challenge. Continued pre-training on paraphrased data has shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Mingkang Zhu , Xi Chen , Zhongdao Wang , Bei Yu , Hengshuang Zhao , Jiaya Jia

The development of monolingual language models for low and mid-resource languages continues to be hindered by the difficulty in sourcing high-quality training data. In this study, we present a novel cross-lingual vocabulary transfer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 François Remy , Pieter Delobelle , Hayastan Avetisyan , Alfiya Khabibullina , Miryam de Lhoneux , Thomas Demeester

Modern language models operate on subword-tokenized text in order to make a trade-off between model size, inference speed, and vocabulary coverage. A side effect of this is that, during inference, models are evaluated by measuring the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 David Pohl , Marco Cognetta , Junyoung Lee , Naoaki Okazaki

Although Neural Machine Translation (NMT) has achieved remarkable progress in the past several years, most NMT systems still suffer from a fundamental shortcoming as in other sequence generation tasks: errors made early in generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Zhirui Zhang , Shuangzhi Wu , Shujie Liu , Mu Li , Ming Zhou , Tong Xu