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Deep learning models have improved sign language-to-text translation and made it easier for non-signers to understand signed messages. When the goal is spoken communication, a naive approach is to convert signed messages into text and then…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Toranosuke Manabe , Yuto Shibata , Shinnosuke Takamichi , Yoshimitsu Aoki

Helping deaf and hard-of-hearing people communicate more easily is the main goal of Automatic Sign Language Translation. Although most past research has focused on turning sign language into text, doing the reverse, turning spoken English…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Kazi Mahathir Rahman , Naveed Imtiaz Nafis , Md. Farhan Sadik , Mohammad Al Rafi , Mehedi Hasan Shahed

Sign Language Translation (SLT) aims to automatically convert visual sign language videos into spoken language text and vice versa. While recent years have seen rapid progress, the true sources of performance improvements often remain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Ozge Mercanoglu Sincan , Jian He Low , Sobhan Asasi , Richard Bowden

Sign Language Translation (SLT) converts sign language videos into spoken-language text, bridging communication between Deaf and hearing communities. Current gloss-free approaches rely on large encoder-decoder models, limiting deployment.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Kuanwei Chen , Mengfeng Tsai

Sign Language Translation (SLT) is a challenging task that aims to generate spoken language sentences from sign language videos. In this paper, we introduce a lightweight, modular SLT framework, Spotter+GPT, that leverages the power of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Ozge Mercanoglu Sincan , Richard Bowden

The Sign Language Production (SLP) project aims to automatically translate spoken languages into sign sequences. Our approach focuses on the transformation of sign gloss sequences into their corresponding sign pose sequences (G2P). In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Pan Xie , Qipeng Zhang , Taiyi Peng , Hao Tang , Yao Du , Zexian Li

Millions of individuals worldwide are affected by deafness and hearing impairment. Sign language serves as a sophisticated means of communication for the deaf and hard of hearing. However, in societies that prioritize spoken languages, sign…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Safaeid Hossain Arib , Rabeya Akter , Sejuti Rahman

Machine Translation has played a critical role in reducing language barriers, but its adaptation for Sign Language Machine Translation (SLMT) has been less explored. Existing works on SLMT mostly use the Transformer neural network which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Nada Shahin , Leila Ismail

Sign Language Production (SLP) aims to translate expressions in spoken language into corresponding ones in sign language, such as skeleton-based sign poses or videos. Existing SLP models are either AutoRegressive (AR) or Non-Autoregressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Eui Jun Hwang , Jung Ho Kim , Suk Min Cho , Jong C. Park

Transformers have been the dominant architecture for Speech Translation in recent years, achieving significant improvements in translation quality. Since speech signals are longer than their textual counterparts, and due to the quadratic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Ioannis Tsiamas , Gerard I. Gállego , José A. R. Fonollosa , Marta R. Costa-jussà

Silent Speech Interfaces (SSIs) have gained attention for their ability to generate intelligible speech from non-acoustic signals. While significant progress has been made in advancing speech generation pipelines, limited work has addressed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Nithyashree Sivasubramaniam

We present Large Sign Language Models (LSLM), a novel framework for translating 3D American Sign Language (ASL) by leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) as the backbone, which can benefit hearing-impaired individuals' virtual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Sen Zhang , Xiaoxiao He , Di Liu , Zhaoyang Xia , Mingyu Zhao , Chaowei Tan , Vivian Li , Bo Liu , Dimitris N. Metaxas , Mubbasir Kapadia

Sign Language Recognition (SLR) has garnered significant attention from researchers in recent years, particularly the intricate domain of Continuous Sign Language Recognition (CSLR), which presents heightened complexity compared to Isolated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Razieh Rastgoo , Kourosh Kiani , Sergio Escalera

Conventional symbol-level precoding (SLP) designs assume fixed modulations and detection rules at the receivers for simplifying the transmit precoding optimizations, which greatly limits the flexibility of SLP and the communication…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-27 Rang Liu , Zhu Bo , Ming Li , Qian Liu

Sign Language Production (SLP) is a challenging task, given the limited resources available and the inherent diversity within sign data. As a result, previous works have suffered from the problem of regression to the mean, leading to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Harry Walsh , Ben Saunders , Richard Bowden

Spoken language understanding, which extracts intents and/or semantic concepts in utterances, is conventionally formulated as a post-processing of automatic speech recognition. It is usually trained with oracle transcripts, but needs to…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Viet-Trung Dang , Tianyu Zhao , Sei Ueno , Hirofumi Inaguma , Tatsuya Kawahara

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU), a core component of the task-oriented dialogue system, expects a shorter inference latency due to the impatience of humans. Non-autoregressive SLU models clearly increase the inference speed but suffer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Lizhi Cheng , Weijia Jia , Wenmian Yang

Sign language translation is one of the important issues in communication between deaf and hearing people, as it expresses words through hand, body, and mouth movements. American Sign Language is one of the sign languages used, one of which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Gregorius Guntur Sunardi Putra , Adifa Widyadhani Chanda D'Layla , Dimas Wahono , Riyanarto Sarno , Agus Tri Haryono

Existing end-to-end sign-language animation systems suffer from low naturalness, limited facial/body expressivity, and no user control. We propose a human-centered, real-time speech-to-sign animation framework that integrates (1) a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Yingchao Li

This paper addresses end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) for long audio recordings such as lecture and conversational speeches. Most end-to-end ASR models are designed to recognize independent utterances, but contextual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Takaaki Hori , Niko Moritz , Chiori Hori , Jonathan Le Roux