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Despite their great success in practical applications, there is still a lack of theoretical and systematic methods to analyze deep neural networks. In this paper, we illustrate an advanced information theoretic methodology to understand the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-09 Shujian Yu , Jose C. Principe

Sparse auto-encoders are useful for extracting low-dimensional representations from high-dimensional data. However, their performance degrades sharply when the input noise at test time differs from the noise employed during training. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Nelson Goldenstein , Jeremias Sulam , Yaniv Romano

Neural network acoustic models have significantly advanced state of the art speech recognition over the past few years. However, they are usually computationally expensive due to the large number of matrix-vector multiplications and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-05 Liang Lu

We describe HypotheSAEs, a general method to hypothesize interpretable relationships between text data (e.g., headlines) and a target variable (e.g., clicks). HypotheSAEs has three steps: (1) train a sparse autoencoder on text embeddings to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Rajiv Movva , Kenny Peng , Nikhil Garg , Jon Kleinberg , Emma Pierson

We introduce a novel scheme to train binary convolutional neural networks (CNNs) -- CNNs with weights and activations constrained to {-1,+1} at run-time. It has been known that using binary weights and activations drastically reduce memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-01 Xiaofan Lin , Cong Zhao , Wei Pan

We propose a ``half'' layer of hidden units that has some of its weights randomly set and some of them trained. A half unit is composed of two stages: First, it takes a weighted sum of its inputs with fixed random weights, and second, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Ethem Alpaydin

Autoencoders have seen wide success in domains ranging from feature selection to information retrieval. Despite this success, designing an autoencoder for a given task remains a challenging undertaking due to the lack of firm intuition on…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-04-17 Jeff Hajewski , Suely Oliveira , Xiaoyu Xing

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) are a promising approach for extracting neural network representations by learning a sparse and overcomplete decomposition of the network's internal activations. However, SAEs are traditionally trained considering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Jeffrey Olmo , Jared Wilson , Max Forsey , Bryce Hepner , Thomas Vin Howe , David Wingate

We investigate whether sparse autoencoders (SAEs) can be used to remove knowledge from language models. We use the biology subset of the Weapons of Mass Destruction Proxy dataset and test on the gemma-2b-it and gemma-2-2b-it language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Eoin Farrell , Yeu-Tong Lau , Arthur Conmy

A new line of research for feature selection based on neural networks has recently emerged. Despite its superiority to classical methods, it requires many training iterations to converge and detect informative features. The computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Ghada Sokar , Zahra Atashgahi , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Decebal Constantin Mocanu

In this paper we introduce the deep kernelized autoencoder, a neural network model that allows an explicit approximation of (i) the mapping from an input space to an arbitrary, user-specified kernel space and (ii) the back-projection from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-02-09 Michael Kampffmeyer , Sigurd Løkse , Filippo Maria Bianchi , Robert Jenssen , Lorenzo Livi

Autoencoders are among the earliest introduced nonlinear models for unsupervised learning. Although they are widely adopted beyond research, it has been a longstanding open problem to understand mathematically the feature extraction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Phan-Minh Nguyen

Discriminative features extracted from the sparse coding model have been shown to perform well for classification. Recent deep learning architectures have further improved reconstruction in inverse problems by considering new dense priors…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Abiy Tasissa , Emmanouil Theodosis , Bahareh Tolooshams , Demba Ba

Neuroscientists have long criticised deep learning algorithms as incompatible with current knowledge of neurobiology. We explore more biologically plausible versions of deep representation learning, focusing here mostly on unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-08-10 Yoshua Bengio , Dong-Hyun Lee , Jorg Bornschein , Thomas Mesnard , Zhouhan Lin

We explore a neural network architecture that stacks a recurrent layer and a feedforward layer that is also connected to the input, and compare it to standard Elman and LSTM architectures in terms of accuracy and interpretability. When…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Christian Oliva , Luis F. Lago-Fernández

Deep learning is a kind of feature learning method with strong nonliear feature transformation and becomes more and more important in many fields of artificial intelligence. Deep autoencoder is one representative method of the deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Yongming Li , Yan Lei , Pin Wang , Yuchuan Liu

To truly understand vision models, we must not only interpret their learned features but also validate these interpretations through controlled experiments. While earlier work offers either rich semantics or direct control, few post-hoc…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Samuel Stevens , Wei-Lun Chao , Tanya Berger-Wolf , Yu Su

Deep neural networks employ specialized architectures for vision, sequential and language tasks, yet this proliferation obscures their underlying commonalities. We introduce a unified matrix-order framework that casts convolutional,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Yuzhou Zhu

Autoencoders have emerged as a useful framework for unsupervised learning of internal representations, and a wide variety of apparently conceptually disparate regularization techniques have been proposed to generate useful features. Here we…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-06-10 Ben Poole , Jascha Sohl-Dickstein , Surya Ganguli

We present a practical and statistically consistent scheme for actively learning binary classifiers under general loss functions. Our algorithm uses importance weighting to correct sampling bias, and by controlling the variance, we are able…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2009-05-20 Alina Beygelzimer , Sanjoy Dasgupta , John Langford