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Smart contracts are increasingly being used to manage large numbers of high-value cryptocurrency accounts. There is a strong demand for automated, efficient, and comprehensive methods to detect security vulnerabilities in a given contract.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Michael Rodler , David Paaßen , Wenting Li , Lukas Bernhard , Thorsten Holz , Ghassan Karame , Lucas Davi

Control flow graphs (CFGs) are essential tools for understanding program behavior, yet the size of real-world CFGs makes them difficult to interpret. With thousands of nodes and edges, sophisticated graph drawing algorithms are required to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Philipp Schaad , Tal Ben-Nun , Torsten Hoefler

Web applications written in JavaScript are regularly used for dealing with sensitive or personal data. Consequently, reasoning about their security properties has become an important problem, which is made very difficult by the highly…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2013-02-14 Martin Lester , Luke Ong , Max Schaefer

Static performance estimation is essential during compile-time analysis, yet traditional runtime-based methods are costly and platform-dependent. We investigate mems, the number of memory accesses, as a static and architecture-independent…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Liwei Zhang , Baoquan Cui , Xutong Ma , Jian Zhang

We present a toolchain for developing and verifying smart contracts that can be executed on Bitcoin. The toolchain is based on BitML, a recent domain-specific language for smart contracts with a computationally sound embedding into Bitcoin.…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-08-06 Nicola Atzei , Massimo Bartoletti , Stefano Lande , Nobuko Yoshida , Roberto Zunino

Modern cryptocurrency systems, such as Ethereum, permit complex financial transactions through scripts called smart contracts. These smart contracts are executed many, many times, always without real concurrency. First, all smart contracts…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-02-16 Thomas Dickerson , Paul Gazzillo , Maurice Herlihy , Eric Koskinen

liquidSVM is a package written in C++ that provides SVM-type solvers for various classification and regression tasks. Because of a fully integrated hyper-parameter selection, very carefully implemented solvers, multi-threading and GPU…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-02-23 Ingo Steinwart , Philipp Thomann

In daily interactions, emotions are frequently conveyed and triggered through verbal exchanges. Sometimes, we must modulate our emotional reactions to align with societal norms. Among the emotional words, taboo words represent a specific…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-10-29 Parisa Ahmadi Ghomroudi , Michele Scaltritti , Bianca Monachesi , Peera Wongupparaj , Remo Job , Alessandro Grecucci

Symbolic trajectory evaluation (STE) is a model checking technique that has been successfully used to verify industrial designs. Existing implementations of STE, however, reason at the level of bits, allowing signals to take values in {0,…

The graphical modeling language GRAFCET is used as a formal specification language in industrial control design. This paper proposes a static analysis approach based on the control flow of GRAFCET using abstract interpretation to allow…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Aron Schnakenbeck , Robin Mroß , Marcus Völker , Stefan Kowalewski , Alexander Fay

We develop the first theory of control-flow graphs from first principles, and use it to create an algorithm for automatically synthesizing many variants of control-flow graph generators from a language's operational semantics. Our approach…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-07-25 James Koppel , Jackson Kearl , Armando Solar-Lezama

Static-graph LLM decoders provide predictable launches, fixed tensor shapes, and low submission overhead, but online decoding exposes highly irregular KV-cache behavior: request lengths differ, EOS events arrive asynchronously, and logical…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zhiqing Zhong , Zhijing Ye , Jian Zhang , Weijian Zheng , Bolun Sun , Xiaodong Yu

The use of blockchain and smart contracts have not stopped growing in recent years. Like all software that begins to expand its use, it is also beginning to be targeted by hackers who will try to exploit vulnerabilities in both the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Antonio López Vivar , Ana Lucila Sandoval Orozco , Luis Javier García Villalba

Static analysis plays a key role in finding bugs, including security issues. A critical step in static analysis is building accurate call graphs that model function calls in a program. However, due to hard-to-analyze language features,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Masudul Hasan Masud Bhuiyan , Gianluca De Stefano , Giancarlo Pellegrino , Cristian-Alexandru Staicu

The Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) is a decentralized computing engine. It enables the Ethereum blockchain to execute smart contracts and decentralized applications (dApps). The increasing adoption of Ethereum sparked the rise of phishing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Pasquale De Rosa , Simon Queyrut , Yérom-David Bromberg , Pascal Felber , Valerio Schiavoni

Symbolic analysis of security exploits in smart contracts has demonstrated to be valuable for analyzing predefined vulnerability properties. While some symbolic tools perform complex analysis steps, they require a predetermined invocation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-10 Wesley Joon-Wie Tann , Xing Jie Han , Sourav Sen Gupta , Yew-Soon Ong

Scilla is a higher-order polymorphic typed intermediate level language for implementing smart contracts. In this talk, we describe a Scilla compiler targeting LLVM, with a focus on mapping Scilla types, values, and its functional language…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Vaivaswatha Nagaraj , Jacob Johannsen , Anton Trunov , George Pîrlea , Amrit Kumar , Ilya Sergey

We introduce the Clockwork Finance Framework (CFF), a general purpose, formal verification framework for mechanized reasoning about the economic security properties of composed decentralized-finance (DeFi) smart contracts. CFF features…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Kushal Babel , Philip Daian , Mahimna Kelkar , Ari Juels

Formal mathematics is the discipline of translating mathematics into a programming language in which any statement can be unequivocally checked by a computer. Mathematicians and computer scientists have spent decades of painstaking…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Johnathan Mercer

We introduce the DeTerministic Virtual Machine (DTVM) Stack, a next-generation smart contract execution framework designed to address critical performance, determinism, and ecosystem compatibility challenges in blockchain networks. Building…