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Humans are emotional creatures. Multiple modalities are often involved when we express emotions, whether we do so explicitly (e.g., facial expression, speech) or implicitly (e.g., text, image). Enabling machines to have emotional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-10 Sicheng Zhao , Guoli Jia , Jufeng Yang , Guiguang Ding , Kurt Keutzer

Reasoning lies at the heart of intelligence, shaping the ability to make decisions, draw conclusions, and generalize across domains. In artificial intelligence, as systems increasingly operate in open, uncertain, and multimodal…

Multimodal sentiment analysis is an active research area that combines multiple data modalities, e.g., text, image and audio, to analyze human emotions and benefits a variety of applications. Existing multimodal sentiment analysis methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Yangmin Li , Ruiqi Zhu , Wengen Li

Recently pre-trained multimodal models, such as CLIP, have shown exceptional capabilities towards connecting images and natural language. The textual representations in English can be desirably transferred to multilingualism and support…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Jialu Wang , Yang Liu , Xin Eric Wang

When captioning an image, people describe objects in diverse ways, such as by using different terms and/or including details that are perceptually noteworthy to them. Descriptions can be especially unique across languages and cultures.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Kyle Buettner , Jacob T. Emmerson , Adriana Kovashka

Multimodal sentiment analysis has become an increasingly popular research area as the demand for multimodal online content is growing. For multimodal sentiment analysis, words can have different meanings depending on the linguistic context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Junghun Kim , Jihie Kim

Sentiment analysis is a research topic focused on analysing data to extract information related to the sentiment that it causes. Applications of sentiment analysis are wide, ranging from recommendation systems, and marketing to customer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Vasco Lopes , António Gaspar , Luís A. Alexandre , João Cordeiro

Multimodal semantic understanding often has to deal with uncertainty, which means the obtained messages tend to refer to multiple targets. Such uncertainty is problematic for our interpretation, including inter- and intra-modal uncertainty.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Yatai Ji , Junjie Wang , Yuan Gong , Lin Zhang , Yanru Zhu , Hongfa Wang , Jiaxing Zhang , Tetsuya Sakai , Yujiu Yang

A common assumption in Computational Linguistics is that text representations learnt by multimodal models are richer and more human-like than those by language-only models, as they are grounded in images or audio -- similar to how human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Anna Bavaresco , Raquel Fernández

Recommendation systems have become popular and effective tools to help users discover their interesting items by modeling the user preference and item property based on implicit interactions (e.g., purchasing and clicking). Humans perceive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Hongyu Zhou , Xin Zhou , Zhiwei Zeng , Lingzi Zhang , Zhiqi Shen

In this paper we propose a model to learn multimodal multilingual representations for matching images and sentences in different languages, with the aim of advancing multilingual versions of image search and image understanding. Our model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-25 Spandana Gella , Rico Sennrich , Frank Keller , Mirella Lapata

We propose a new and fully end-to-end approach for multimodal translation where the source text encoder modulates the entire visual input processing using conditional batch normalization, in order to compute the most informative image…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-01 Jean-Benoit Delbrouck , Stéphane Dupont

Multi-head attention is appealing for its ability to jointly extract different types of information from multiple representation subspaces. Concerning the information aggregation, a common practice is to use a concatenation followed by a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-08 Jian Li , Baosong Yang , Zi-Yi Dou , Xing Wang , Michael R. Lyu , Zhaopeng Tu

Human language is a rich multimodal signal consisting of spoken words, facial expressions, body gestures, and vocal intonations. Learning representations for these spoken utterances is a complex research problem due to the presence of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Paul Pu Liang , Yao Chong Lim , Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Louis-Philippe Morency

Training a multimodal network is challenging and it requires complex architectures to achieve reasonable performance. We show that one reason for this phenomena is the difference between the convergence rate of various modalities. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Aya Abdelsalam Ismail , Mahmudul Hasan , Faisal Ishtiaq

Autonomous mobile robots need to perceive the environments with their onboard sensors (e.g., LiDARs and RGB cameras) and then make appropriate navigation decisions. In order to navigate human-inhabited public spaces, such a navigation task…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Bhabaranjan Panigrahi , Amir Hossain Raj , Mohammad Nazeri , Xuesu Xiao

Humans possess spatial reasoning abilities that enable them to understand spaces through multimodal observations, such as vision and sound. Large multimodal reasoning models extend these abilities by learning to perceive and reason, showing…

Multimodal learning, which integrates data from diverse sensory modes, plays a pivotal role in artificial intelligence. However, existing multimodal learning methods often struggle with challenges where some modalities appear more dominant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Xiaohui Zhang , Jaehong Yoon , Mohit Bansal , Huaxiu Yao

Multimodal deep learning systems which employ multiple modalities like text, image, audio, video, etc., are showing better performance in comparison with individual modalities (i.e., unimodal) systems. Multimodal machine learning involves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Anil Rahate , Rahee Walambe , Sheela Ramanna , Ketan Kotecha

Multimodal representation learning is fundamentally about transforming incomparable modalities into comparable representations. While prior research primarily focused on explicitly aligning these representations through targeted learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Megan Tjandrasuwita , Chanakya Ekbote , Liu Ziyin , Paul Pu Liang