Related papers: Energy Transformations in a Relativistic Engine
We present a general method for deriving the energy shift of an interacting system of $N$ spinless particles in a finite volume. To this end, we use the nonrelativistic effective field theory (NREFT), and match the pertinent low-energy…
We develop a complete relativistic theory to describe the dynamics of electronic angular momentum including both spin (S) and orbital (L) contributions in magnetic systems. We start with the relativistic Dirac-Kohn-Sham Hamiltonian under…
We derive the radiation reaction by taking into account that the acceleration of the charge is caused by the interaction with some heavy source particle. In the non relativistic case this leads, in contrast to the usual approach,…
Energy transport can be influenced by the presence of other conserved quantities. We consider here diffusive systems where energy and the other conserved quantities evolve macroscopically on the same diffusive space-time scale. In these…
We deduce from energy conservation a lower bound on the mass of any system capable of imparting a constant acceleration to a charged body. We also point out a connection between this bound and the so called dominant energy condition of…
Established heat engines in quantum regime can be modeled with various quantum systems as working substances. For example, in the non-relativistic case, we can model the heat engine using infinite potential well as a working substance to…
We study in detail the relativistic distributions of energy, longitudinal momentum, longitudinal energy flux, and longitudinal thrust inside nucleons based on the quantum phase-space formalism. Similar to recent studies on the…
It is usual in introductory courses of mechanics to develop the work and energy formalism from Newton's laws. On the other hand, literature analyzes the way in which forces transform under a change of reference frame. Notwithstanding, no…
A new concept of internal time (viewed as a scalar temporal field) is introduced which allows one to solve the energy problem in General Relativity. The law of energy conservation means that the total energy density of the full system of…
It is proved by means of the dynamical effects of special relativity that velocity caused by accelerating process is not a relative concept. The influence of accelerating process should be considered in space-time theory. Besides the…
For a one-dimensional stationary system, we derive a third order equation of motion representing a first integral of the relativistic quantum Newton's law. We then integrate this equation in the constant potential case and calculate the…
We discuss energy-momentum tensor and the second law of thermodynamics for a system of relativistic diffusing particles. We calculate the energy and entropy flow in this system. We obtain an exact time dependence of energy, entropy and free…
We study a quantum thermal engine model for which the heat transfer law is determined by Einstein's theory of radiation. The working substance of the quantum engine is assumed to be a two-level quantum systems of which the constituent…
The Carnot heat engine sets an upper bound on the efficiency of a heat engine. As an ideal, reversible engine, a single cycle must be performed in infinite time, and so the Carnot engine has zero power. However, there is nothing in…
Relative motion in space with multifractal time (fractional dimension of time close to integer $d_{t}=1+\epsilon (r,t), \epsilon \ll 1$) for "almost" inertial frames of reference (time is almost homogeneous and almost isotropic) is…
We present a systematic derivation of the constraints that the relativity principle imposes between coefficients of a deformed (but rotational invariant) momentum composition law, dispersion relation, and momentum transformation laws, at…
According to the second law, the efficiency of cyclic heat engines is limited by the Carnot bound that is attained by engines that operate between two thermal baths under the reversibility condition whereby the total entropy does not…
We calculate the energy of the state closest to threshold for two and three identical, spinless particles confined to a cubic spatial volume with periodic boundary conditions and with zero total momentum in the finite-volume frame. The…
The dynamics of systems of multiple gravitationally interacting bodies is often studied in a frame attached to one of the objects (e.g. a central star in a planetary system). As this frame is generally non-inertial, indirect forces appear…
We present an optimal analysis for a quantum mechanical engine working between two energy baths within the framework of relativistic quantum mechanics, adopting a first-order correction. This quantum mechanical engine, with the direct…