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Multi-modal object detection in autonomous driving has achieved great breakthroughs due to the usage of fusing complementary information from different sensors. The calibration in fusion between sensors such as LiDAR and camera was always…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Zhihang Song , Dingyi Yao , Ruibo Ming , Lihui Peng , Danya Yao , Yi Zhang

Accurate camera calibration is a precondition for many computer vision applications. Calibration errors, such as wrong model assumptions or imprecise parameter estimation, can deteriorate a system's overall performance, making the reliable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Annika Hagemann , Moritz Knorr , Holger Janssen , Christoph Stiller

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have enabled astounding progress in several vision-based problems. Despite showing high predictive accuracy, recently, several works have revealed that they tend to provide overconfident predictions and thus are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Muhammad Akhtar Munir , Muhammad Haris Khan , Salman Khan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

For classification models based on neural networks, the maximum predicted class probability is often used as a confidence score. This score rarely predicts well the probability of making a correct prediction and requires a post-processing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Adrien LeCoz , Stéphane Herbin , Faouzi Adjed

Connecting multiple machine learning models into a pipeline is effective for handling complex problems. By breaking down the problem into steps, each tackled by a specific component model of the pipeline, the overall solution can be made…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Tomoe Kishimoto , Masahiko Saito , Junichi Tanaka , Yutaro Iiyama , Ryu Sawada , Koji Terashi

Deep learning-based object detectors have achieved impressive performance in microscopy imaging, yet their confidence estimates often lack calibration, limiting their reliability for biomedical applications. In this work, we introduce a new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Francesco Campi , Lucrezia Tondo , Ekin Karabati , Johannes Betge , Marie Piraud

Probabilities or confidence values produced by artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) models often do not reflect their true accuracy, with some models being under or over confident in their predictions. For example, if a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Richard Oliver Lane

Reliable confidence estimation for the predictions is important in many safety-critical applications. However, modern deep neural networks are often overconfident for their incorrect predictions. Recently, many calibration methods have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Fei Zhu , Zhen Cheng , Xu-Yao Zhang , Cheng-Lin Liu

Overconfidence and underconfidence in machine learning classifiers is measured by calibration: the degree to which the probabilities predicted for each class match the accuracy of the classifier on that prediction. How one measures…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Jeremy Nixon , Mike Dusenberry , Ghassen Jerfel , Timothy Nguyen , Jeremiah Liu , Linchuan Zhang , Dustin Tran

Mislabeled data is a pervasive issue that undermines the performance of machine learning systems in real-world applications. An effective approach to mitigate this problem is to detect mislabeled instances and subject them to special…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Ilies Chibane , Thomas George , Pierre Nodet , Vincent Lemaire

Uncertainty estimation is essential to make neural networks trustworthy in real-world applications. Extensive research efforts have been made to quantify and reduce predictive uncertainty. However, most existing works are designed for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Myong Chol Jung , He Zhao , Joanna Dipnall , Belinda Gabbe , Lan Du

The confidence calibration of deep learning-based perception models plays a crucial role in their reliability. Especially in the context of autonomous driving, downstream tasks like prediction and planning depend on accurate confidence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Mariella Dreissig , Florian Piewak , Joschka Boedecker

Data-driven methods have achieved notable performance on intent detection, which is a task to comprehend user queries. Nonetheless, they are controversial for over-confident predictions. In some scenarios, users do not only care about the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Yantao Gong , Cao Liu , Fan Yang , Xunliang Cai , Guanglu Wan , Jiansong Chen , Weipeng Zhang , Houfeng Wang

The assessment of binary classifier performance traditionally centers on discriminative ability using metrics, such as accuracy. However, these metrics often disregard the model's inherent uncertainty, especially when dealing with sensitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Agathe Fernandes Machado , Arthur Charpentier , Emmanuel Flachaire , Ewen Gallic , François Hu

In the field of state-of-the-art object detection, the task of object localization is typically accomplished through a dedicated subnet that emphasizes bounding box regression. This subnet traditionally predicts the object's position by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Peng Zhi , Haoran Zhou , Hang Huang , Rui Zhao , Rui Zhou , Qingguo Zhou

Probabilistic classifiers output a probability distribution on target classes rather than just a class prediction. Besides providing a clear separation of prediction and decision making, the main advantage of probabilistic models is their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-20 Juozas Vaicenavicius , David Widmann , Carl Andersson , Fredrik Lindsten , Jacob Roll , Thomas B. Schön

Uncertainty quantification is a central challenge in reliable and trustworthy machine learning. Naive measures such as last-layer scores are well-known to yield overconfident estimates in the context of overparametrized neural networks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Lucas Clarté , Bruno Loureiro , Florent Krzakala , Lenka Zdeborová

The vast majority of uncertainty quantification methods for deep object detectors such as variational inference are based on the network output. Here, we study gradient-based epistemic uncertainty metrics for deep object detectors to obtain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Tobias Riedlinger , Matthias Rottmann , Marius Schubert , Hanno Gottschalk

This paper provides both an introduction to and a detailed overview of the principles and practice of classifier calibration. A well-calibrated classifier correctly quantifies the level of uncertainty or confidence associated with its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Telmo Silva Filho , Hao Song , Miquel Perello-Nieto , Raul Santos-Rodriguez , Meelis Kull , Peter Flach

In object detection with deep neural networks, the box-wise objectness score tends to be overconfident, sometimes even indicating high confidence in presence of inaccurate predictions. Hence, the reliability of the prediction and therefore…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Marius Schubert , Karsten Kahl , Matthias Rottmann