English
Related papers

Related papers: PuzzLing Machines: A Challenge on Learning From Sm…

200 papers

There is increasing interest in employing large language models (LLMs) as cognitive models. For such purposes, it is central to understand which properties of human cognition are well-modeled by LLMs, and which are not. In this work, we…

Mathematical reasoning serves as a cornerstone for assessing the fundamental cognitive capabilities of human intelligence. In recent times, there has been a notable surge in the development of Large Language Models (LLMs) geared towards the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Janice Ahn , Rishu Verma , Renze Lou , Di Liu , Rui Zhang , Wenpeng Yin

Cryptic crosswords are puzzles that rely on general knowledge and the solver's ability to manipulate language on different levels, dealing with various types of wordplay. Previous research suggests that solving such puzzles is challenging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Abdelrahman Sadallah , Daria Kotova , Ekaterina Kochmar

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in various natural language processing tasks but face challenges in mathematical reasoning, where complex problem-solving requires both linguistic understanding and mathematical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Shuguang Chen , Guang Lin

Tool use, such as web search, has become a standard capability even in freely available large language models (LLMs). However, existing benchmarks evaluate temporal reasoning mainly in static, non-tool-using settings, which poorly reflect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zhengxiang Wang , Zeyu Dong

Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT have shown significant advancements across diverse natural language understanding (NLU) tasks, including intelligent dialogue and autonomous agents. Yet, lacking widely acknowledged testing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Jinyang Wu , Feihu Che , Xinxin Zheng , Shuai Zhang , Ruihan Jin , Shuai Nie , Pengpeng Shao , Jianhua Tao

This study investigates whether large language models (LLMs) mirror human neurocognition during abstract reasoning. We compared the performance and neural representations of human participants with those of eight open-source LLMs on an…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-15 Christopher Pinier , Sonia Acuña Vargas , Mariia Steeghs-Turchina , Dora Matzke , Claire E. Stevenson , Michael D. Nunez

Cryptic crosswords, the dominant crossword variety in the UK, are a promising target for advancing NLP systems that seek to process semantically complex, highly compositional language. Cryptic clues read like fluent natural language but are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Josh Rozner , Christopher Potts , Kyle Mahowald

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at understanding natural language but struggle with explicit commonsense reasoning. A recent trend of research suggests that the combination of LLM with robust symbolic reasoning systems can overcome this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Manuel Borroto , Katie Gallagher , Antonio Ielo , Irfan Kareem , Francesco Ricca , Alessandra Russo

Epistemic reasoning requires agents to infer the state of the world from partial observations and information about other agents' knowledge. Prior work evaluating LLMs on canonical epistemic puzzles interpreted their behavior through a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Adi Gabay , Gabriel Stanovsky , Liat Peterfreund

Solving puzzles in natural language poses a long-standing challenge in AI. While large language models (LLMs) have recently shown impressive capabilities in a variety of tasks, they continue to struggle with complex puzzles that demand…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Naiqi Li , Peiyuan Liu , Zheng Liu , Tao Dai , Yong Jiang , Shu-Tao Xia

Large Language Models have demonstrated strong performance on many established reasoning benchmarks. However, these benchmarks primarily evaluate structured skills like quantitative problem-solving, leaving a gap in assessing flexible,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Deepon Halder , Alan Saji , Thanmay Jayakumar , Ratish Puduppully , Anoop Kunchukuttan , Raj Dabre

While large language models (LLMs), such as GPT-3, appear to be robust and general, their reasoning ability is not at a level to compete with the best models trained for specific natural language reasoning problems. In this study, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Zhun Yang , Adam Ishay , Joohyung Lee

Multi-step spatial reasoning entails understanding and reasoning about spatial relationships across multiple sequential steps, which is crucial for tackling complex real-world applications, such as robotic manipulation, autonomous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Kexian Tang , Junyao Gao , Yanhong Zeng , Haodong Duan , Yanan Sun , Zhening Xing , Wenran Liu , Kaifeng Lyu , Kai Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been showing promising results for various NLP-tasks without the explicit need to be trained for these tasks by using few-shot or zero-shot prompting techniques. A common NLP-task is question-answering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Kevin Fischer , Darren Fürst , Sebastian Steindl , Jakob Lindner , Ulrich Schäfer

Evaluating large language models (LLMs) on their linguistic reasoning capabilities is an important task to understand the gaps in their skills that may surface during large-scale adoption. In this work, we investigate the abilities of such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Raghav Ramji , Keshav Ramji

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown excellent performance in language understanding, text generation, code synthesis, and many other tasks, while they still struggle in complex multi-step reasoning problems, such as mathematical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Haolong Li , Yu Ma , Yinqi Zhang , Chen Ye , Jie Chen

The Connections puzzle published each day by the New York Times tasks players with dividing a bank of sixteen words into four groups of four words that each relate to a common theme. Solving the puzzle requires both common linguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Graham Todd , Tim Merino , Sam Earle , Julian Togelius

Benchmark saturation and contamination have obscured genuine advances in reasoning for large language models (LLMs). We introduce NazoNazo Benchmark, a low-cost, renewable test built from Japanese children's riddles that demand…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Masaharu Mizumoto , Dat Nguyen , Zhiheng Han , Jiyuan Fang , Heyuan Guan , Xingfu Li , Naoya Shiraishi , Yo Nakawake , Le Minh Nguyen

Deep learning has been shown to achieve impressive results in several tasks where a large amount of training data is available. However, deep learning solely focuses on the accuracy of the predictions, neglecting the reasoning process…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-07 Giuseppe Marra , Michelangelo Diligenti , Francesco Giannini , Marco Gori , Marco Maggini