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Related papers: A New Age of Computing and the Brain

200 papers

This book develops the conjecture that all kinds of information processing in computers and in brains may usefully be understood as "information compression by multiple alignment, unification and search". This "SP theory", which has been…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 J Gerard Wolff

In the first of this pair of papers, it was proven that that no physical computer can correctly carry out all computational tasks that can be posed to it. The generality of this result follows from its use of a novel definition of…

Computational Physics · Physics 2009-10-02 David H. Wolpert

Developments in machine learning and computing power suggest that artificial general intelligence is within reach. This raises the question of artificial consciousness: if a computer were to be functionally equivalent to a human, being able…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Graham Findlay , William Marshall , Larissa Albantakis , Isaac David , William GP Mayner , Christof Koch , Giulio Tononi

In order to gain a mechanistic understanding of how tinnitus emerges in the brain, we must build biologically plausible computational models that mimic both tinnitus development and perception, and test the tentative models with brain and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-10-06 Patrick Krauss , Achim Schilling

Alan Turing's pioneering work on computability, and his ideas on morphological computing support Andrew Hodges' view of Turing as a natural philosopher. Turing's natural philosophy differs importantly from Galileo's view that the book of…

General Literature · Computer Science 2012-07-05 Gordana Dodig-Crnkovic

In this short essay, we discuss some basic features of cognitive activity at several different space-time scales: from neural networks in the brain to civilizations. One motivation for such comparative study is its heuristic value. Attempts…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-09-12 Dmitrii Yu. Manin , Yuri I. Manin

What does it mean to claim that a physical or natural system computes? One answer, endorsed here, is that computing is about programming a system to behave in different ways. This paper offers an account of what it means for a physical…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-06-18 Hector Zenil

The brain is often called a computer and likened to a Turing machine, in part because the mind can manipulate discrete symbols such as numbers. But the brain is a dynamical system, more like a Watt governor than a Turing machine. Can a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Matthew Hutson

The study and understanding of human behaviour is relevant to computer science, artificial intelligence, neural computation, cognitive science, philosophy, psychology, and several other areas. Presupposing cognition as basis of behaviour,…

The last two decades have seen tremendous advances in Artificial Intelligence. The exponential growth in terms of computation capabilities has given us hope of developing humans like robots. The question is: are we there yet? Maybe not.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Madhav Agarwal , Siddhant Bansal

Although the brain has long been considered a potential inspiration for future computing, Moore's Law - the scaling property that has seen revolutions in technologies ranging from supercomputers to smart phones - has largely been driven by…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-07-14 James B. Aimone

This document presents an introduction to computer vision, and its relationship to Cognitive Science, from the perspective of Bayes Decision Theory (Berger 1985). Computer vision is a vast and complex field, so this overview has a narrow…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Alan Yuille , Daniel Kersten

We survey concepts at the frontier of research connecting artificial, animal and human cognition to computation and information processing---from the Turing test to Searle's Chinese Room argument, from Integrated Information Theory to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-12-25 Nicolas Gauvrit , Hector Zenil , Jesper Tegnér

Two transformative waves of computing have redefined the way we approach science. The first wave came with the birth of the digital computer, which enabled scientists to numerically simulate their models and analyze massive datasets. This…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Chi-Ning Chou

Biological brains demonstrate complex neural activity, where neural dynamics are critical to how brains process information. Most artificial neural networks ignore the complexity of individual neurons. We challenge that paradigm. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Luke Darlow , Ciaran Regan , Sebastian Risi , Jeffrey Seely , Llion Jones

What makes an artificial system a good model of intelligence? The classical test proposed by Alan Turing focuses on behavior, requiring that an artificial agent's behavior be indistinguishable from that of a human. While behavioral…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-27 Jenelle Feather , Meenakshi Khosla , N. Apurva Ratan Murty , Aran Nayebi

In the last year or so and going back many decades there has been extensive claims by major computational scientists, engineers, and others that AGI, artificial general intelligence, is five or ten years away, but without a scintilla of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Jay Seitz

For complex life to evolve, a sophisticated nervous system for handling its complexities was fundamental. The demand resulted in the emergence of brain's computational facility, the neuronal network. This facet of the brain is attested…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-09-16 Jahan N. Schad

Neuroscience has focused on the detailed implementation of computation, studying neural codes, dynamics and circuits. In machine learning, however, artificial neural networks tend to eschew precisely designed codes, dynamics or circuits in…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-02-04 Adam Marblestone , Greg Wayne , Konrad Kording

We propose a new frontier: Neural Computers (NCs) that unify computation, memory, and I/O of traditional computers in a learned runtime state. Our long-term goal is the Completely Neural Computer (CNC): the mature, general-purpose…