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Bayesian Neural Networks with Latent Variables (BNN+LVs) capture predictive uncertainty by explicitly modeling model uncertainty (via priors on network weights) and environmental stochasticity (via a latent input noise variable). In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Yaniv Yacoby , Weiwei Pan , Finale Doshi-Velez

Uncertainty-quantification methods are applied to estimate the confidence of deep-neural-networks classifiers over their predictions. However, most widely used methods are known to be overconfident. We address this problem by developing an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Luigi Sbailò , Luca M. Ghiringhelli

Diagnostic datasets that can detect biased models are an important prerequisite for bias reduction within natural language processing. However, undesired patterns in the collected data can make such tests incorrect. For example, if the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Vid Kocijan , Oana-Maria Camburu , Thomas Lukasiewicz

We propose an efficient method to estimate the accuracy of classifiers using only unlabeled data. We consider a setting with multiple classification problems where the target classes may be tied together through logical constraints. For…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-22 Emmanouil A. Platanios , Hoifung Poon , Tom M. Mitchell , Eric Horvitz

How do we design measures of social bias that we trust? While prior work has introduced several measures, no measure has gained widespread trust: instead, mounting evidence argues we should distrust these measures. In this work, we design…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Rishi Bommasani , Percy Liang

With the rapid growth in language processing applications, fairness has emerged as an important consideration in data-driven solutions. Although various fairness definitions have been explored in the recent literature, there is lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Satyapriya Krishna , Rahul Gupta , Apurv Verma , Jwala Dhamala , Yada Pruksachatkun , Kai-Wei Chang

The unequal representation of different groups in a sample population can lead to discrimination of minority groups when machine learning models make automated decisions. To address these issues, fairness-aware machine learning jointly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Xuan Zhao , Simone Fabbrizzi , Paula Reyero Lobo , Siamak Ghodsi , Klaus Broelemann , Steffen Staab , Gjergji Kasneci

Fairness concerns are increasingly critical as machine learning models are deployed in high-stakes applications. While existing fairness-aware methods typically intervene at the model level, they often suffer from high computational costs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yixuan Zhang , Jiabin Luo , Zhenggang Wang , Feng Zhou , Quyu Kong

We present an optimization framework for learning a fair classifier in the presence of noisy perturbations in the protected attributes. Compared to prior work, our framework can be employed with a very general class of linear and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-17 L. Elisa Celis , Lingxiao Huang , Vijay Keswani , Nisheeth K. Vishnoi

As AI becomes prevalent in high-risk domains and decision-making, it is essential to test for potential harms and biases. This urgency is reflected by the global emergence of AI regulations that emphasise fairness and adequate testing, with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Varsha Ramineni , Hossein A. Rahmani , Emine Yilmaz , David Barber

Algorithms and models are increasingly deployed to inform decisions about people, inevitably affecting their lives. As a consequence, those in charge of developing these models must carefully evaluate their impact on different groups of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Alessandro Fabris , Andrea Esuli , Alejandro Moreo , Fabrizio Sebastiani

Deep learning has produced big advances in artificial intelligence, but trained neural networks often reflect and amplify bias in their training data, and thus produce unfair predictions. We propose a novel measure of individual fairness,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-30 Krystal Maughan , Joseph P. Near

Recently, learning with soft labels has been shown to achieve better performance than learning with hard labels in terms of model generalization, calibration, and robustness. However, collecting pointwise labeling confidence for all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Wei Wang , Lei Feng , Yuchen Jiang , Gang Niu , Min-Ling Zhang , Masashi Sugiyama

Binary classification involves predicting the label of an instance based on whether the model score for the positive class exceeds a threshold chosen based on the application requirements (e.g., maximizing recall for a precision bound).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Gundeep Arora , Srujana Merugu , Anoop Saladi , Rajeev Rastogi

Labeled datasets reflect the biases of their annotation pipelines, which sometimes introduce label bias: group-conditional label errors that cause systematic performance disparities across demographic subgroups. Label bias in image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Aditya Parikh , Stella Frank , Sneha Das , Aasa Feragen

Fairness testing evaluates whether a model satisfies a specified fairness criterion across different groups, yet most research has focused on classification models, leaving regression models underexplored. This paper introduces a framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Wanxin Li , Yongjin P. Park , Khanh Dao Duc

We study the problem of fair binary classification using the notion of Equal Opportunity. It requires the true positive rate to distribute equally across the sensitive groups. Within this setting we show that the fair optimal classifier is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-02-05 Evgenii Chzhen , Christophe Denis , Mohamed Hebiri , Luca Oneto , Massimiliano Pontil

Uncertainty quantification in neural network promises to increase safety of AI systems, but it is not clear how performance might vary with the training set size. In this paper we evaluate seven uncertainty methods on Fashion MNIST and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-19 Matias Valdenegro-Toro

Traditional ranking algorithms are designed to retrieve the most relevant items for a user's query, but they often inherit biases from data that can unfairly disadvantage vulnerable groups. Fairness in information access systems (IAS) is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Thomas Jaenich , Alejandro Moreo , Alessandro Fabris , Graham McDonald , Andrea Esuli , Iadh Ounis , Fabrizio Sebastiani

The objective of this article is to introduce a fairness interpretability framework for measuring and explaining the bias in classification and regression models at the level of a distribution. In our work, we measure the model bias across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Alexey Miroshnikov , Konstandinos Kotsiopoulos , Ryan Franks , Arjun Ravi Kannan
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