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Small class-imbalanced datasets, common in many high-level semantic tasks like discourse analysis, present a particular challenge to current deep-learning architectures. In this work, we perform an extensive analysis on sentence-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Alexander Spangher , Jonathan May , Sz-rung Shiang , Lingjia Deng

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in various reasoning tasks but face significant challenges with complex, knowledge-intensive multi-hop queries, particularly those involving new or long-tail knowledge.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Jie He , Nan Hu , Wanqiu Long , Jiaoyan Chen , Jeff Z. Pan

While the NLP community has produced numerous summarization benchmarks, none provide the rich annotations required to simultaneously address many important problems related to control and reliability. We introduce a Wikipedia-derived…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Kundan Krishna , Prakhar Gupta , Sanjana Ramprasad , Byron C. Wallace , Jeffrey P. Bigham , Zachary C. Lipton

Transfer and multi-task learning have traditionally focused on either a single source-target pair or very few, similar tasks. Ideally, the linguistic levels of morphology, syntax and semantics would benefit each other by being trained in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-25 Kazuma Hashimoto , Caiming Xiong , Yoshimasa Tsuruoka , Richard Socher

Question answering is an important and difficult task in the natural language processing domain, because many basic natural language processing tasks can be cast into a question answering task. Several deep neural network architectures have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-10 Fenglong Ma , Radha Chitta , Saurabh Kataria , Jing Zhou , Palghat Ramesh , Tong Sun , Jing Gao

Recognizing entities in texts is a central need in many information-seeking scenarios, and indeed, Named Entity Recognition (NER) is arguably one of the most successful examples of a widely adopted NLP task and corresponding NLP technology.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Uri Katz , Matan Vetzler , Amir DN Cohen , Yoav Goldberg

We propose pre-finetuning, an additional large-scale learning stage between language model pre-training and fine-tuning. Pre-finetuning is massively multi-task learning (around 50 datasets, over 4.8 million total labeled examples), and is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Armen Aghajanyan , Anchit Gupta , Akshat Shrivastava , Xilun Chen , Luke Zettlemoyer , Sonal Gupta

The integration of large language model (LLM) techniques in the field of medical analysis has brought about significant advancements, yet the scarcity of large, diverse, and well-annotated datasets remains a major challenge. Medical data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Wenhan Han , Meng Fang , Zihan Zhang , Yu Yin , Zirui Song , Ling Chen , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Qingyu Chen

Natural language processing (NLP) tasks (e.g. question-answering in English) benefit from knowledge of other tasks (e.g. named entity recognition in English) and knowledge of other languages (e.g. question-answering in Spanish). Such shared…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Ishan Tarunesh , Sushil Khyalia , Vishwajeet Kumar , Ganesh Ramakrishnan , Preethi Jyothi

Existing neural machine translation (NMT) studies mainly focus on developing dataset-specific models based on data from different tasks (e.g., document translation and chat translation). Although the dataset-specific models have achieved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Yunlong Liang , Fandong Meng , Jinan Xu , Jiaan Wang , Yufeng Chen , Jie Zhou

Question answering and conversational systems are often baffled and need help clarifying certain ambiguities. However, limitations of existing datasets hinder the development of large-scale models capable of generating and utilising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Vaibhav Kumar , Alan W. black

This paper introduces CaseSumm, a novel dataset for long-context summarization in the legal domain that addresses the need for longer and more complex datasets for summarization evaluation. We collect 25.6K U.S. Supreme Court (SCOTUS)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Mourad Heddaya , Kyle MacMillan , Anup Malani , Hongyuan Mei , Chenhao Tan

Idiomatic and figurative language form a large portion of colloquial speech and writing. With social media, this informal language has become more easily observable to people and trainers of large language models (LLMs) alike. While the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Blake Matheny , Phuong Minh Nguyen , Minh Le Nguyen , Stephanie Reynolds

Paraphrase generation is a pivotal task in natural language processing (NLP). Existing datasets in the domain lack syntactic and lexical diversity, resulting in paraphrases that closely resemble the source sentences. Moreover, these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Lasal Jayawardena , Prasan Yapa

Large language models (LLMs) are reshaping automated fact-checking (AFC) by enabling unified, end-to-end verification pipelines rather than isolated components. While large proprietary models achieve strong performance, their closed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Malin Astrid Larsson , Harald Fosen Grunnaleite , Vinay Setty

Text summarization is a critical Natural Language Processing (NLP) task with applications ranging from information retrieval to content generation. Leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) has shown remarkable promise in enhancing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Lochan Basyal , Mihir Sanghvi

Can the rapid advances in code generation, function calling, and data analysis using large language models (LLMs) help automate the search and verification of hypotheses purely from a set of provided datasets? To evaluate this question, we…

To solve complex tasks, large language models (LLMs) often require multiple rounds of interactions with the user, sometimes assisted by external tools. However, current evaluation protocols often emphasize benchmark performance with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Xingyao Wang , Zihan Wang , Jiateng Liu , Yangyi Chen , Lifan Yuan , Hao Peng , Heng Ji

The explosive growth of AI and machine learning literature -- with venues like NeurIPS and ICLR now accepting thousands of papers annually -- has made comprehensive citation coverage increasingly difficult for researchers. While citation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Md Toyaha Rahman Ratul , Zhiqian Chen , Kaiqun Fu , Taoran Ji , Lei Zhang

Mathematical reasoning remains one of the most challenging domains for large language models (LLMs), requiring not only linguistic understanding but also structured logical deduction and numerical precision. While recent LLMs demonstrate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Mahbub E Sobhani , Md. Faiyaz Abdullah Sayeedi , Tasnim Mohiuddin , Md Mofijul Islam , Swakkhar Shatabda