Related papers: Polygons in three-dimensional space

In this paper we calculate the Ehrhart's polynomial associated with a 2-dimensional regular polytope (i.e. equilateral triangles) in $\mathbb Z^3$. The polynomial takes a relatively simple form in terms of the coordinates of the vertices of…

We show that for fixed $d>3$ and $n$ growing to infinity there are at least $(n!)^{d-2 \pm o(1)}$ different labeled combinatorial types of $d$-polytopes with $n$ vertices. This is about the square of the previous best lower bounds. As an…

A convex polygon is defined as a sequence (V_0,...,V_{n-1}) of points on a plane such that the union of the edges [V_0,V_1],..., [V_{n-2},V_{n-1}], [V_{n-1},V_0] coincides with the boundary of the convex hull of the set of vertices…

Fix an integer $n \geq 1$, and consider the set of all connected finite simple graphs on $n$ vertices. For each $G$ in this set, let $I(G)$ denote the edge ideal of $G$ in the polynomial ring $R = K[x_1,\ldots,x_n]$. We initiate a study of…

Let us say that an $n$-sided polygon is semi-regular if it is circumscriptible and its angles are all equal but possibly one, which is then larger than the rest. Regular polygons, in particular, are semi-regular. We prove that semi-regular…

An irreducible polynomial $f\in\Bbb F_q[X]$ of degree $n$ is {\em normal} over $\Bbb F_q$ if and only if its roots $r, r^q,\dots,r^{q^{n-1}}$ satisfy the condition $\Delta_n(r, r^q,\dots,r^{q^{n-1}})\ne 0$, where…

The theory of linear transports along paths in vector bundles, generalizing the parallel transports generated by linear connections, is developed. The normal frames for them are defined as ones in which their matrices are the identity…

This paper demonstrates that parallel vector curves are piecewise cubic rational curves in 3D piecewise linear vector fields. Parallel vector curves -- loci of points where two vector fields are parallel -- have been widely used to extract…

Let $n=p_1^{\nu_1}... p_r^{\nu_r} >1$ be an integer. An integer $a$ is called regular (mod $n$) if there is an integer $x$ such that $a^2x\equiv a$ (mod $n$). Let $\varrho(n)$ denote the number of regular integers $a$ (mod $n$) such that…

In this Article, we give a simple criterion for the regularity of a tri-linear mapping. We provide if $f:X\times Y\times Z\longrightarrow W $ is a bounded tri-linear mapping and $h:W\longrightarrow S$ is a bounded linear mapping, then $f$…

Due to its many applications, \emph{curve simplification} is a long-studied problem in computational geometry and adjacent disciplines, such as graphics, geographical information science, etc. Given a polygonal curve $P$ with $n$ vertices,…

Let $\Bbbk$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p>2$. Let $\mathcal{O}_n=\Bbbk[X_1,\ldots,X_n]/(X_1^p,\ldots, X_n^p)$, a truncated polynomial ring in $n$ variables, and denote by $\mathcal{L}$ the derivation algebra of…

Over the past several years, numerous authors have explored model theoretically motivated combinatorial conditions that ensure that a graph has an efficient regular decomposition in the sense of Szemer\'edi. In this paper we set out a…

We study the Laplace operator with Dirichlet or Neumann boundary condition on polygons in the Euclidean plane. We prove that almost every simply connected polygon with at least four vertices has simple spectrum. We also address the more…

Given a $4$-dimensional vector subspace $U=\{ f_{0},\ldots,f_{3}\}$ of $H^{0}(\mathbb{P}^1 \times \mathbb{P}^1,\mathcal{O}(a,b))$, a tensor product surface, denoted by $X_{U}$, is the closure of the image of the rational map…

The Gauss-Bonnet theorem for a polyhedron (a union of finitely many compact convex polytopes) in $n$-dimensional Euclidean space expresses the Euler characteristic of the polyhedron as a sum of certain curvatures, which are different from…

The paper establishes that the rank of a regular polygonal complex in 3-space E^3 cannot exceed 4, and that the only regular polygonal complexes of rank 4 in 3-space are the eight regular 4-apeirotopes.

We present a geometric proof of the averaging theorem for perturbed dynamical systems on a Riemannian manifold, in the case where the flow of the unperturbed vector field is periodic and the $\mathbb{S}^{1}$-action associated to this vector…

For an integral convex polytope $\Pc \subset \RR^N$ of dimension $d$, we call $\delta(\Pc)=(\delta_0, \delta_1,..., \delta_d)$ the $\delta$-vector of $\Pc$ and $\vol(\Pc)=\sum_{i=0}^d\delta_i$ its normalized volume. In this paper, we will…

The existing classification of homogeneous quaternionic spaces is not complete. We study these spaces in the context of certain $N=2$ supergravity theories, where dimensional reduction induces a mapping between {\em special} real, K\"ahler…