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Recent years have seen a rapid increase of interest in dense active materials, which, in the disordered state, share striking similarities with conventional passive glass-forming matter. For such passive glassy materials, it is well…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-12-13 Vincent E. Debets , Liesbeth M. C. Janssen

Active matter denotes a system of particles immersed in an external environment, from which the particles extract energy continuously in order to perform directed motion. Extending the paradigm of active matter to a quantum framework…

We study the dynamical properties of an active particle subject to a swimming speed explicitly depending on the particle position. The oscillating spatial profile of the swim velocity considered in this paper takes inspiration from…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-03-15 Lorenzo Caprini , Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi , René Wittmann , Hartmut Löwen

Nonreciprocal interactions are known to produce distinctive dynamics in active matter. To shed light on how the stationary state of such systems is affected by breaking reciprocity, we consider active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particles coupled…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-10-16 Matthew Du , Andriy Goychuk , Suriyanarayanan Vaikuntanathan

Active matter refers to a broad class of non-equilibrium systems where energy is continuously injected at the level of individual ``particles". These systems exhibit emergent collective behaviors that have no direct thermal-equilibrium…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-02-10 Zihan Zheng , Cunyuan Jiang , Yangrui Chen , Matteo Baggioli , Jie Zhang

Collections of self-propelled particles that move persistently by continuously consuming free energy are a paradigmatic example of active matter. In these systems, unlike Brownian "hot colloids", the breakdown of detailed balance yields a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-09-12 Suraj Shankar , M. Cristina Marchetti

Thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) delineate tradeoff relations between the thermodynamic cost and the magnitude of an observable's fluctuation. While TURs have been established for various nonequilibrium systems, their…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-06-23 Hyeong-Tark Han , Jae Sung Lee , Jae-Hyung Jeon

The term active matter describes diverse systems, spanning macroscopic (e.g. shoals of fish and flocks of birds) to microscopic scales (e.g. migrating cells, motile bacteria and gels formed through the interaction of nanoscale molecular…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2010-03-11 Gautam I. Menon

We revisit the elementary problem of moving a particle in a harmonic trap in finite time with minimal work cost, and extend it to the case of an active particle. By comparing the Gaussian case of an Active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particle and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-07-16 Janik Schüttler , Rosalba Garcia-Millan , Michael E. Cates , Sarah A. M. Loos

We study the active work fluctuations of an active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particle in the presence of a confining harmonic potential. We tackle the problem analytically both for stationary and generic uncorrelated initial states. Our results…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-02-27 Massimiliano Semeraro , Giuseppe Gonnella , Antonio Suma , Marco Zamparo

We study a self-propelled particle moving in a solvent with the active Ornstein Uhlenbeck dynamics in the underdamped regime to evaluate the influence of the inertia. We focus on the properties of potential-free and harmonically confined…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-02-03 Lorenzo Caprini , Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi

A stochastic process is at thermodynamic equilibrium if it obeys time-reversal symmetry; forward and reverse time are statistically indistinguishable at steady state. Non-equilibrium processes break time-reversal symmetry by maintaining…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-11-13 Alexander Strang

We study the large deviations of the power injected by the active force for an Active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Particle (AOUP), free or in a confining potential. For the free-particle case, we compute the rate function analytically in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-01-03 Massimiliano Semeraro , Antonio Suma , Isabella Petrelli , Francesco Cagnetta , Giuseppe Gonnella

The concept of entropy has been pivotal in the formulation of thermodynamics. For systems driven away from thermal equilibrium, a comparable role is played by entropy production and dissipation. Here we provide a comprehensive picture how…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-05-15 Robin Bebon , Joshua F. Robinson , Thomas Speck

We study the formation of coherent structures in a system with long-range interactions where particles moving on a circle interact through a repulsive cosine potential. Non equilibrium structures are shown to correspond to statistical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Julien Barre' , Freddy Bouchet , Thierry Dauxois , Stefano Ruffo

Using the path integral representation of the non-equilibrium dynamics, we compute the most probable path between arbitrary starting and final points, followed by an active particle driven by persistent noise. We focus our attention on the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-03-15 Andrea Crisanti , Matteo Paoluzzi

A 1D model of interacting particles moving over a periodic substrate and in a position dependent temperature profile is considered. When the substrate and the temperature profile are spatially asymmetric a center-of-mass velocity develops,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-03-03 A. Imparato

Based on the Fokker-Planck and the entropy balance equations we have studied the relaxation of a dissipative dynamical system driven by external Ornstein-Uhlenbeck noise processes in absence and presence of nonequilibrium constraint in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Bidhan Chandra Bag

We consider a model of self-propelled dynamics for athermal active particles, where the non-equilibrium active forces are modelled by a Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. In the limit of no-driving force, the model reduces to the passive, Brownian…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-05-05 Niamh Dougan , Peter Crowther , Francesco Turci , C. Patrick Royall

Partially observed stochastic systems can appear (almost) time-reversal symmetric while in fact operating far from equilibrium. The present work extends the perturbative framework introduced in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 198302 (2026)] to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-29 Jacob Knight , Gunnar Pruessner