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We present a language $L_n$ which is recognizable by a probabilistic finite automaton (PFA) with probability $1 - \epsilon$ for all $\epsilon > 0$ with $O(log^2n)$ states, with a deterministic finite automaton (DFA) with O(n) states, but a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gatis Midrijanis

Generalizations of numeration systems in which N is recognizable by a finite automaton are obtained by describing a lexicographically ordered infinite regular language L over a finite alphabet A. For these systems, we obtain a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Michel Rigo

Minimizing the size of finite automata is a fundamental problem in theoretical computer science. Beyond standard minimization, further reductions can be achieved by decomposing an automaton into smaller components whose languages combine…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Mathias Berry , Pierre-Cyrille Héam , Ismaël Jecker

An index for a finite automaton is a powerful data structure that supports locating paths labeled with a query pattern, thus solving pattern matching on the underlying regular language. In this paper, we solve the long-standing problem of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Nicola Cotumaccio , Nicola Prezza

A classical result (often credited to Y. Medvedev) states that every language recognized by a finite automaton is the homomorphic image of a local language, over a much larger so-called local alphabet, namely the alphabet of the edges of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2011-08-19 Stefano Crespi Reghizzi , Pierluigi San Pietro

The problem DFA-Intersection-Nonemptiness asks if a given number of deterministic automata accept a common word. In general, this problem is PSPACE-complete. Here, we investigate this problem for the subclasses of commutative automata and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-12 Henning Fernau , Stefan Hoffmann , Michael Wehar

In this work we study a non-linear generalization based on affine transformations of probabilistic and quantum automata proposed recently by D\'iaz-Caro and Yakary{\i}lmaz \cite{DCY16A} referred as affine automata. First, we present…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Marcos Villagra , Abuzer Yakaryılmaz

A language L is prefix-closed if, whenever a word w is in L, then every prefix of w is also in L. We define suffix-, factor-, and subword-closed languages in the same way, where by subword we mean subsequence. We study the quotient…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-14 J. Brzozowski , G. Jirásková , C. Zou

Extensions of {\omega}-automata to infinite alphabets typically rely on symbolic guards to keep the transition relation finite, and on registers or memory cells to preserve information from past symbols. Symbolic transitions alone are…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Luca Di Stefano

Given an order of the underlying alphabet we can lift it to the states of a finite deterministic automaton: to compare states we use the order of the strings reaching them. When the order on strings is the co-lexicographic one \emph{and}…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Giovanna D'Agostino , Davide Martincigh , Alberto Policriti

A locally testable language L is a language with the property that for some non negative integer k, called the order or the level of local testable, whether or not a word u in the language L depends on (1) the prefix and the suffix of the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-13 A. N. Trahtman

The trade-off relation between the rate and the strong converse exponent for probabilistic asymptotic entanglement transformations between pure multipartite states can in principle be characterised in terms of a class of entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-21 Dávid Bugár , Péter Vrana

Automata over infinite words, also known as omega-automata, play a key role in the verification and synthesis of reactive systems. The spectrum of omega-automata is defined by two characteristics: the acceptance condition (e.g. B\"uchi or…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Rayna Dimitrova , Bernd Finkbeiner , Hazem Torfah

A language $L$ over an alphabet $\Sigma$ is prefix-convex if, for any words $x,y,z\in\Sigma^*$, whenever $x$ and $xyz$ are in $L$, then so is $xy$. Prefix-convex languages include right-ideal, prefix-closed, and prefix-free languages. We…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-06-27 Janusz Brzozowski , Corwin Sinnamon

Finitely many two-way automata work independently and synchronously on a unary input. Some of their states are broadcasting, i.e., dispatched to all other automata. At each step of the computation, each automaton changes state and moves…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Christian Choffrut

We consider the sequential composite binary hypothesis testing problem in which one of the hypotheses is governed by a single distribution while the other is governed by a family of distributions whose parameters belong to a known set…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Jiachun Pan , Yonglong Li , Vincent Y. F. Tan

The spin--network quantum simulator model, which essentially encodes the (quantum deformed) SU(2) Racah--Wigner tensor algebra, is particularly suitable to address problems arising in low dimensional topology and group theory. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Silvano Garnerone , Annalisa Marzuoli , Mario Rasetti

In this paper, following the way opened by a previous paper deposited on arXiv, we give an upper bound to the number of states for a hyperbolic cellular automaton in the pentagrid. Indeed, we prove that there is a hyperbolic cellular…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2010-06-18 Maurice Margenstern

We generalize the partial derivative automaton to regular expressions with shuffle and study its size in the worst and in the average case. The number of states of the partial derivative automata is in the worst case at most 2^m, where m is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-03 Sabine Broda , António Machiavelo , Nelma Moreira , Rogério Reis

Symbolic automata are finite state automata that support potentially infinite alphabets, such as the set of rational numbers, generally applied to regular expressions/languages over finite words. In symbolic automata (or automata modulo…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Margus Veanes , Thomas Ball , Gabriel Ebner , Olli Saarikivi