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This paper proposes a novel scheme for reduced-rank Gaussian process regression. The method is based on an approximate series expansion of the covariance function in terms of an eigenfunction expansion of the Laplace operator in a compact…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-26 Arno Solin , Simo Särkkä

Gaussian processes are a powerful class of non-linear models, but have limited applicability for larger datasets due to their high computational complexity. In such cases, approximate methods are required, for example, the recently…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-24 Soham Mukherjee , Manfred Claassen , Paul-Christian Bürkner

This paper investigates the approximation of Gaussian random variables in Banach spaces, focusing on the high-probability bounds for the approximation of Gaussian random variables using finitely many observations. We derive non-asymptotic…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-28 Daniel Winkle , Ingo Steinwart , Bernard Haasdonk

Gaussian processes are probabilistic models that are commonly used as functional priors in machine learning. Due to their probabilistic nature, they can be used to capture the prior information on the statistics of noise, smoothness of the…

Computation · Statistics 2024-02-02 Ahmad Farooq , Cristian A. Galvis-Florez , Simo Särkkä

Gaussian process is a theoretically appealing model for nonparametric analysis, but its computational cumbersomeness hinders its use in large scale and the existing reduced-rank solutions are usually heuristic. In this work, we propose a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-11-25 Leo L. Duan , Xia Wang , Rhonda D. Szczesniak

Gaussian process regression is a frequently used statistical method for flexible yet fully probabilistic non-linear regression modeling. A common obstacle is its computational complexity which scales poorly with the number of observations.…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-10 Adam Gorm Hoffmann , Claus Thorn Ekstrøm , Andreas Kryger Jensen

We study Bayesian inference methods for solving linear inverse problems, focusing on hierarchical formulations where the prior or the likelihood function depend on unspecified hyperparameters. In practice, these hyperparameters are often…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-08-01 Qingping Zhou , Wenqing Liu , Jinglai Li , Youssef M. Marzouk

Gaussian latent variable models are a key class of Bayesian hierarchical models with applications in many fields. Performing Bayesian inference on such models can be challenging as Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms struggle with the…

Computation · Statistics 2020-11-09 Charles C. Margossian , Aki Vehtari , Daniel Simpson , Raj Agrawal

Spectral approximation and variational inducing learning for the Gaussian process are two popular methods to reduce computational complexity. However, in previous research, those methods always tend to adopt the orthonormal basis functions,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-07-15 Wenqi Fang , Guanlin Wu , Jingjing Li , Zheng Wang , Jiang Cao , Yang Ping

Bayesian learning using Gaussian processes provides a foundational framework for making decisions in a manner that balances what is known with what could be learned by gathering data. In this dissertation, we develop techniques for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-29 Alexander Terenin

Gaussian process is one of the most popular non-parametric Bayesian methodologies for modeling the regression problem. It is completely determined by its mean and covariance functions. And its linear property makes it relatively…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-16 Wenqi Fang , Huiyun Li , Hui Huang , Shaobo Dang , Zhejun Huang , Zheng Wang

Bayesian inference on non-Gaussian data is often non-analytic and requires computationally expensive approximations such as sampling or variational inference. We propose an approximate inference framework primarily designed to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Marius Hobbhahn , Philipp Hennig

This paper presents a method for approximate Gaussian process (GP) regression with tensor networks (TNs). A parametric approximation of a GP uses a linear combination of basis functions, where the accuracy of the approximation depends on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-01 Clara Menzen , Eva Memmel , Kim Batselier , Manon Kok

Gaussian processes (GP) are Bayesian non-parametric models that are widely used for probabilistic regression. Unfortunately, it cannot scale well with large data nor perform real-time predictions due to its cubic time cost in the data size.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-08-12 Jie Chen , Nannan Cao , Kian Hsiang Low , Ruofei Ouyang , Colin Keng-Yan Tan , Patrick Jaillet

Gaussian processes (GP) are Bayesian non-parametric models that are widely used for probabilistic regression. Unfortunately, it cannot scale well with large data nor perform real-time predictions due to its cubic time cost in the data size.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-05-27 Jie Chen , Nannan Cao , Kian Hsiang Low , Ruofei Ouyang , Colin Keng-Yan Tan , Patrick Jaillet

Most machine learning methods require careful selection of hyper-parameters in order to train a high performing model with good generalization abilities. Hence, several automatic selection algorithms have been introduced to overcome tedious…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-17 Raju Ram , Sabine Müller , Franz-Josef Pfreundt , Nicolas R. Gauger , Janis Keuper

In geostatistics, traditional spatial models often rely on the Gaussian Process (GP) to fit stationary covariances to data. It is well known that this approach becomes computationally infeasible when dealing with large data volumes,…

Computation · Statistics 2024-09-17 Antony Sikorski , Daniel McKenzie , Douglas Nychka

The main challenges that arise when adopting Gaussian Process priors in probabilistic modeling are how to carry out exact Bayesian inference and how to account for uncertainty on model parameters when making model-based predictions on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-04-08 Maurizio Filippone , Mark Girolami

The use of Gaussian processes (GPs) is supported by efficient sampling algorithms, a rich methodological literature, and strong theoretical grounding. However, due to their prohibitive computation and storage demands, the use of exact GPs…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-27 Kelly R. Moran , Matthew W. Wheeler

Gaussian processes are popular and flexible models for spatial, temporal, and functional data, but they are computationally infeasible for large datasets. We discuss Gaussian-process approximations that use basis functions at multiple…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-12-22 Matthias Katzfuss , Wenlong Gong
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