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The design of decoding algorithms is a significant technological component in the development of fault-tolerant quantum computers. Often design of quantum decoders is inspired by classical decoding algorithms, but there are no general…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-14 Armanda O. Quintavalle , Earl T. Campbell

A novel and efficient neural decoder algorithm is proposed. The proposed decoder is based on the neural Belief Propagation algorithm and the Automorphism Group. By combining neural belief propagation with permutations from the Automorphism…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-01-10 Eliya Nachmani , Yaron Bachar , Elad Marciano , David Burshtein , Yair Be'ery

One of the fundamental challenges in enabling fault-tolerant quantum computation is realising fast enough quantum decoders. We present a new two-stage decoder that accelerates the decoding cycle and boosts accuracy. In the first stage, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-24 Laura Caune , Brendan Reid , Joan Camps , Earl Campbell

We propose an improved soft-aided decoding scheme for product codes that approaches the decoding performance of conventional soft-decision TPD with only a 0.2 dB gap while keeping the complexity and internal decoder data flow similarly low…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Sisi Miao , Lukas Rapp , Laurent Schmalen

Decoders are a critical component of fault-tolerant quantum computing. They must identify errors based on syndrome measurements to correct quantum states. While finding the optimal correction is NP-hard and thus extremely difficult,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-30 Nirupam Basak , Ankith Mohan , Andrew Tanggara , Tobias Haug , Goutam Paul , Kishor Bharti

In this paper, we propose a new decoder, called the Multiple-Bases Belief-Propagation List Decoder (MBBP-LD), for Quantum Low-Density Parity-Check (QLDPC) codes. It extends the Multiple-Bases Belief-Propagation (MBBP) framework, originally…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Sheida Rabeti , Hessam Mahdavifar

Practical large-scale quantum computation requires both efficient error correction and robust implementation of logical operations. Three-dimensional (3D) color codes are a promising candidate for fault-tolerant quantum computation due to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Friederike Butt , Lars Esser , Markus Müller

Polar codes are the first provable capacity-achieving forward error correction (FEC) codes. In general polar codes can be decoded via either successive cancellation (SC) or belief propagation (BP) decoding algorithm. However, to date…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-11-27 Bo Yuan , Keshab K. Parhi

Bit-Flipping (BF) decoders are a family of decoders widely employed in post-quantum cryptographic schemes based on Quasi-Cyclic Moderate-Density Parity-Check (QC-MDPC) codes, such as BIKE. BF decoders suffer from trapping sets,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Alessio Baldelli , Marco Baldi , Davide De Zuane , Paolo Santini

Staircase codes (SCCs) are typically decoded using iterative bounded-distance decoding (BDD) and hard decisions. In this paper, a novel decoding algorithm is proposed, which partially uses soft information from the channel. The proposed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-05 Yi Lei , Bin Chen , Gabriele Liga , Xiong Deng , Zizheng Cao , Jianqiang Li , Kun Xu , Alex Alvarado

The so-called improved soft-aided bit-marking algorithm was recently proposed for staircase codes (SCCs) in the context of fiber optical communications. This algorithm is known as iSABM-SCC. With the help of channel soft information, the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Yi Lei , Bin Chen , Gabriele Liga , Alex Alvarado

For a given family of spatially coupled codes, we prove that the LP threshold on the BSC of the graph cover ensemble is the same as the LP threshold on the BSC of the derived spatially coupled ensemble. This result is in contrast with the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-03-06 Louay Bazzi , Badih Ghazi , Rudiger Urbanke

Quantum error correction (QEC) is critical for scalable and reliable quantum computing, but existing solutions, such as surface codes, incur significant qubit overhead. Quantum low-density parity check (qLDPC) codes have recently emerged as…

The surface code is one of the most promising candidates for combating errors in large scale fault-tolerant quantum computation. A fault-tolerant decoder is a vital part of the error correction process---it is the algorithm which computes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-15 Fern H. E. Watson , Hussain Anwar , Dan E. Browne

Fault-tolerant quantum computers must be designed in conjunction with classical co-processors that decode quantum error correction measurement information in real-time. In this work, we introduce the belief propagation plus ordered Tanner…

We propose a new type of ultimate-Shannon-limit-approaching codes called spatially coupled protograph-based low-density parity-check Hadamard convolutional codes (SC-PLDPCH-CCs), which are constructed by spatially coupling PLDPC-Hadamard…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Peng W. Zhang , Francis C. M. Lau , Chiu-W. Sham

We consider the problem of identifying defective items in a population with non-adaptive quantitative group testing. For this scenario, Mashauri et al. recently proposed a low-density parity-check (LDPC) code-based quantitative group…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Marvin Xhemrishi , Johan Östman , Alexandre Graell i Amat

Hypergraph product codes are a prototypical family of quantum codes with state-of-the-art decodability properties. In this work we consider the "noisy" syndrome decoding problem and exact recovery problem for hypergraph product codes and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-14 Venkata Gandikota , Elena Grigorescu , Vatsal Jha , S. Venkitesh

We study the decoding transition for quantum error correcting codes with the help of a mapping to random-bond Wegner spin models. Families of quantum low density parity-check (LDPC) codes with a finite decoding threshold lead to both known…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-11 Alexey A. Kovalev , Leonid P. Pryadko

In a digital communication system, information is sent from one place to another over a noisy communication channel. It may be possible to detect and correct errors that occur during the transmission if one encodes the original information…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-21 Banu Kabakulak , Z. Caner Taşkın , Ali Emre Pusane