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For a quantum error correcting code to be used in practice, it needs to be equipped with an efficient decoding algorithm, which identifies corrections given the observed syndrome of errors.Hypergraph product codes are a promising family of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-03 Lev Stambler , Anirudh Krishna , Michael E. Beverland

We show that belief propagation combined with ordered statistics post-processing is a general decoder for quantum low density parity check codes constructed from the hypergraph product. To this end, we run numerical simulations of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 Joschka Roffe , David R. White , Simon Burton , Earl T. Campbell

Quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes with asymptotically non-zero rates are prominent candidates for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computation, primarily due to their syndrome-measurement circuit's low operational depth.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Asit Kumar Pradhan , Nithin Raveendran , Narayanan Rengaswamy , Bane Vasić

Hypergraph product codes introduced by Tillich and Z\'emor are a class of quantum LDPC codes with constant rate and distance scaling with the square-root of the block size. Quantum expander codes, a subclass of these codes, can be decoded…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-03 Antoine Grospellier , Anirudh Krishna

Hypergraph product codes are a promising avenue to achieving fault-tolerant quantum computation with constant overhead. When embedding these and other constant-rate qLDPC codes into 2D, a significant number of nonlocal connections are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-15 Noah Berthusen , Daniel Gottesman

Hypergraph products are quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes constructed from two classical LDPC codes. Although their dimension and distance depend only on the parameters of the underlying classical codes, optimizing their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-06 Bruno C. A. Freire , Nicolas Delfosse , Anthony Leverrier

We study the performance of medium-length quantum LDPC (QLDPC) codes in the depolarizing channel. Only degenerate codes with the maximal stabilizer weight much smaller than their minimum distance are considered. It is shown that with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-24 Pavel Panteleev , Gleb Kalachev

We study analytically and numerically decoding properties of finite rate hypergraph-product quantum LDPC codes obtained from random (3,4)-regular Gallager codes, with a simple model of independent X and Z errors. Several non-trival lower…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-14 Alexey A. Kovalev , Sanjay Prabhakar , Ilya Dumer , Leonid P. Pryadko

Quantum errors are primarily detected and corrected using the measurement of syndrome information which itself is an unreliable step in practical error correction implementations. Typically, such faulty or noisy syndrome measurements are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-06 Nithin Raveendran , Narayanan Rengaswamy , Asit Kumar Pradhan , Bane Vasić

Fault tolerance in quantum protocols requires contributions from error-correcting codes and their suitable decoders. Quantum Low-Density Parity Check (QLDPC) codes are one of the most explored quantum codes that have good coding rate and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-24 Mainak Bhattacharyya , Ankur Raina

We propose and analyze a hierarchical quantum error correction (QEC) scheme that concatenates hypergraph product (HGP) codes with rotated surface codes, which is compatible with quantum computers with only nearest-neighbor interactions. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-26 Junichi Haruna , Keisuke Fujii

Hypergraph product (HGP) codes are one of the most popular family of quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. Circuit-level simulations show that they can achieve the same logical error rate as surface codes with a reduced qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-23 Arda Aydin , Nicolas Delfosse , Edwin Tham

Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes together with belief propagation (BP) decoding yield exceptional error correction capabilities in the large block length regime. Yet, there remains a gap between BP decoding and maximum likelihood…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Jonathan Mandelbaum , Holger Jäkel , Laurent Schmalen

Decoders that provide an estimate of the probability of a logical failure conditioned on the error syndrome ("soft-output decoders") can reduce the overhead cost of fault-tolerant quantum memory and computation. In this work, we construct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-04 Nadine Meister , Christopher A. Pattison , John Preskill

Belief propagation (BP) is well-known as a low complexity decoding algorithm with a strong performance for important classes of quantum error correcting codes, e.g. notably for the quantum low-density parity check (LDPC) code class of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-07 Josias Old , Manuel Rispler

Quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes have been proven to achieve higher minimum distances at higher code rates than surface codes. However, this family of codes imposes stringent latency requirements and poor performance under…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Dimitris Chytas , Nithin Raveendran , Bane Vasić

We introduce a sliding window decoder based on belief propagation (BP) with guided decimation for the purposes of decoding quantum low-density parity-check codes in the presence of circuit-level noise. Windowed decoding keeps the decoding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-29 Anqi Gong , Sebastian Cammerer , Joseph M. Renes

The design of optimal linear block codes capable of being efficiently decoded is of major concern, especially for short block lengths. As near capacity-approaching codes, Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes possess several advantages over…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Yoni Choukroun , Lior Wolf

Quantum low-density parity-check codes can be decoded using a syndrome based $\mathrm{GF}(4)$ belief propagation decoder. However, the performance of this decoder is limited both by unavoidable $4$-cycles in the code's factor graph and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 Alex Rigby , JC Olivier , Peter Jarvis

This paper proposes two approaches for reducing the impact of the error floor phenomenon when decoding quantum low-density parity-check codes with belief propagation based algorithms. First, a low-complexity syndrome-based linear…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Sana Javed , Francisco Garcia-Herrero , Bane Vasic , Mark F. Flanagan
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