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Quantum field theory is completely characterized by the field correlations between spacetime points. In turn, some of these can be accessed by locally coupling to the field simple quantum systems, a.k.a. particle detectors. In this work, we…

A clock synchronization thought experiment is modeled by a diffeomorphism invariant "time delay" observable. In a sense, this observable probes the causal structure of the ambient Lorentzian spacetime. Thus, upon quantization, it is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-02-04 Béatrice Bonga , Igor Khavkine

Time in relativity theory has a status different from that adopted by standard quantum mechanics, where time is considered as a parameter measured with reference to an external absolute Newtonian frame. This status strongly restricts its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-26 M. Basil Altaie

Quantum theory depends on an external classical time, and there ought to exist an equivalent reformulation of the theory which does not depend on such a time. The demand for the existence of such a reformulation suggests that quantum theory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-31 Tejinder P. Singh

A cyclic nature of quantum mechanical clock is discussed as ``quantization of time." Quantum mechanical clock is seen to be equivalent to the relativistic classical clock.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Hitoshi Kitada

We study the time-of-arrival problem for relativistic particles constrained to move on a ring, formulating the problem entirely within Quantum Field Theory (QFT). In contrast to its counterpart for motion in a line, the circle topology…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 Iason Vakondios , Charis Anastopoulos

Possible theoretical frameworks for measurement of (arrival) time in the nonrelativistic quantum mechanics are reviewed. It is argued that the ambiguity between indirect measurements by a suitably introduced time operator and direct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Piret Kuusk , Madis Koiv

A rigorous quantum relativistic approach has been used to calculate the relationship between the decay laws of an unstable particle seen from two inertial frames moving with respect to each other. In agreement with experiment, it is found…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Eugene V. Stefanovich

We analyze the recent proposal of measuring a quantum gravity phenomenon in the lab by entangling two particles gravitationally. We give a generally covariant description of this phenomenon, where the relevant effect turns out to be a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-16 Marios Christodoulou , Carlo Rovelli

It has recently been reported [\textit{PNAS} \textbf{114}, 2303 (2017)] that, under an operational definition of time, quantum clocks would get entangled through gravitational effects. Here we study an alternative scenario: the clocks have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-14 Jieci Wang , Tonghua Liu , Jiliang Jing , Songbai Chen

This tutorial, addressing physics teachers and undergraduate students, aims at clarifying some aspects of time in special relativity. In particular, time dilation is usually presented only as the well-known ratio of lab time over proper…

Physics Education · Physics 2023-06-19 Winfried A. Mitaroff

In the canonical approach to quantization of gravity, one often uses relational clock variables and an interpretation in terms of conditional probabilities to overcome the problem of time. In this essay we show that these suffer from…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-23 Nirmalya Kajuri

Quantum mechanics and general relativity have been extensively and independently confirmed in many experiments. However, the interplay of the two theories has never been tested: all experiments that measured the influence of gravity on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-11-07 Magdalena Zych , Fabio Costa , Igor Pikovski , Timothy C. Ralph , Caslav Brukner

We show that by the act of quantum measurement on a system there emerges a notion of duration and a corresponding time flow which turns out to be the thermal flow connected to the system. We show that, under some quasi-classical assumptions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-04 Andreas Schlatter

The paper reviews positive and negative time delays in various processes of classical and quantum physics. In the beginning, we demonstrate how a time-shifted response of a system to an external perturbation appears in classical mechanics…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-12 E. E. Kolomeitsev , D. N. Voskresensky

The conflict between Quantum Mechanics (QM) and the intuitive concepts of Locality and Realism (LR) is manifest in the correlation between measurements performed in remote regions of a spatially spread entangled state. In this paper, it is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-12-27 Alejandro A. Hnilo

In this review we present the problem of time in quantum physics, including a short history of the problem and the known objections about considering time a quantum observable. The need to deal with time as an observable is elaborated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-13 M. Basil Altaie , Daniel Hodgson , Almut Beige

Time is absolute in standard quantum theory and dynamical in general relativity. The combination of both theories into a theory of quantum gravity leads therefore to a "problem of time". In my essay I shall investigate those consequences…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-09-22 Claus Kiefer

Proper time, ideal clocks, and boosts are well understood classically, but subtleties arise in quantum physics. We show that quantum clocks set in motion via momentum boosts do not witness classical time dilation. However, using velocity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-24 A. J. Paige , A. D. K. Plato , M. S. Kim

A commonly adopted relational account of time evolution in generally-covariant systems, and more specifically in quantum cosmology, is argued to be unsatisfactory, insofar as it describes evolution relative to observed readings of a clock…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-03-10 Ian D. Lawrie