Related papers: Hidden variables simulating quantum contextuality …
The fields of quantum non-locality in physics, and causal discovery in machine learning, both face the problem of deciding whether observed data is compatible with a presumed causal relationship between the variables (for example a local…
Recently a new impulse has been given to the experimental investigation of contextuality. In this paper we show that for a widely used definition of contextuality there can be no decisive experiment on the existence of contextuality. To…
Hidden variables are extra components added to try to banish counterintuitive features of quantum mechanics. We start with a quantum-mechanical model and describe various properties that can be asked of a hidden-variable model. We present…
A recent proposal to experimentally test quantum mechanics against noncontextual hidden-variable theories [Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 1797 (1998)] is shown to be related with the smallest proof of the Kochen-Specker theorem currently known [Phys.…
We construct a hidden variable model for the EPR correlations using a Restricted Boltzmann Machine. The model reproduces the expected correlations and thus violates the Bell inequality, as required by Bell's theorem. Unlike most…
Contextuality, the impossibility of assigning a single random variable to represent the outcomes of the same measurement procedure under different experimental conditions, is a central aspect of quantum mechanics. Thus defined, it appears…
We study the frontier between learnable and unlearnable hidden Markov models (HMMs). HMMs are flexible tools for clustering dependent data coming from unknown populations. The model parameters are known to be fully identifiable (up to…
An experiment is described which proves, using single photons only, that the standard hidden variables assumptions (commonly used to derive Bell inequalities) are inconsistent with quantum mechanics. The analysis is very simple and…
Three experiments, with an IBM superconducting quantum computer, are presented, where the setting combinations on a three qubit GHZ(like) state were selected by two additional assistant qubits. The average of the polynomial of Mermin for…
Kochen-Specker theorems assure the breakdown of certain types of non-contextual hidden variable theories through the non-existence of global, holistic frame functions; alas they do not allow us to identify where this breakdown occurs, nor…
Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) showed that it is possible to predict with certainty the value of a property without disturbing the object in question. In contrast, Quantum Mechanics (QM) holds that if different measurement setups cannot…
In a recent article entitled "A simple explanation of the quantum violation of a fundamental inequality," Cabello proposes a condition on a class of probabilistic models that, he claims, gives the same bound on contextuality for the KCBS…
The laws of quantum mechanics place fundamental limits on the accuracy of measurements and therefore on the estimation of unknown parameters of a quantum system. In this work, we prove lower bounds on the size of confidence regions reported…
While non-contextual hidden-variable theories are proved to be impossible, contextual ones are possible. In a contextual hidden-variable theory, an observable is called a beable if the hidden-variable assigns its value in a given…
The uncertainty principle is a fundamental principle in quantum physics. It implies that the measurement outcomes of two incompatible observables can not be predicted simultaneously. In quantum information theory, this principle can be…
Quantum contextuality takes an important place amongst the concepts of quantum computing that bring an advantage over its classical counterpart. For a large class of contextuality proofs, aka. observable-based proofs of the Kochen-Specker…
Consider the finite regular language L_n = {w0 : w \in {0,1}^*, |w| \le n}. It was shown by Ambainis, Nayak, Ta-Shma and Vazirani that while this language is accepted by a deterministic finite automaton of size O(n), any one-way quantum…
A hidden variables model complying with the simplest form of Local Realism was recently introduced, which reproduces Quantum Mechanics' predictions for an even ideally perfect Bell's experiment. This is possible thanks to the use of a…
Usually the 'hidden variables' of Bell's theorem are supposed to describe the pair of Bell particles. Here a semantic shift is proposed, namely to attach the hidden variables to a stochastic medium or field in which the particles move. It…
We present a new quantum secret sharing protocol based on recent advances in Mermin-type contextuality scenarios, which has some security guarantees against postquantum nonsignaling attackers. It is a fundamental assumption of secret…