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Verification is crucial for effective mathematical reasoning. We present a new temporal consistency method where verifiers iteratively refine their judgments based on the previous assessment. Unlike one-round verification or multi-model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Jiacheng Guo , Yue Wu , Jiahao Qiu , Kaixuan Huang , Xinzhe Juan , Ling Yang , Mengdi Wang

While large models pre-trained on high-quality data exhibit excellent performance on mathematical reasoning (e.g., GSM8k, MultiArith), it remains challenging to specialize smaller models for these tasks. Common approaches to address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Neeraj Gangwar , Suma P Bhat , Nickvash Kani

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant success in performing varied natural language tasks such as language translation, question-answering, summarizing, fact-checking, etc. Despite LLMs' impressive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Bishwamittra Ghosh , Sarah Hasan , Naheed Anjum Arafat , Arijit Khan

The Socratic method is a way of guiding students toward solving a problem independently without directly revealing the solution to the problem. Although this method has been shown to significantly improve student learning outcomes, it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Nischal Ashok Kumar , Andrew Lan

Self-alignment, whereby models learn to improve themselves without human annotation, is a rapidly growing research area. However, existing techniques often fail to improve complex reasoning tasks due to the difficulty of assigning correct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Archiki Prasad , Weizhe Yuan , Richard Yuanzhe Pang , Jing Xu , Maryam Fazel-Zarandi , Mohit Bansal , Sainbayar Sukhbaatar , Jason Weston , Jane Yu

This paper proposes an approach to cross-language sentence selection in a low-resource setting. It uses data augmentation and negative sampling techniques on noisy parallel sentence data to directly learn a cross-lingual embedding-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Yanda Chen , Chris Kedzie , Suraj Nair , Petra Galuščáková , Rui Zhang , Douglas W. Oard , Kathleen McKeown

Current inference scaling methods, such as Self-consistency and Best-of-N, have proven effective in improving the accuracy of LLMs on complex reasoning tasks. However, these methods rely heavily on the quality of candidate responses and are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Bohan Zhang , Xiaokang Zhang , Jing Zhang , Jifan Yu , Sijia Luo , Jie Tang

Existing NLP datasets contain various biases, and models tend to quickly learn those biases, which in turn limits their robustness. Existing approaches to improve robustness against dataset biases mostly focus on changing the training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Nafise Sadat Moosavi , Marcel de Boer , Prasetya Ajie Utama , Iryna Gurevych

In this paper, we propose a novel word-alignment-based method to solve the FAQ-based question answering task. First, we employ a neural network model to calculate question similarity, where the word alignment between two questions is used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-07-10 Zhiguo Wang , Abraham Ittycheriah

Existing approaches to constructing training data for Natural Language Inference (NLI) tasks, such as for semi-structured table reasoning, are either via crowdsourcing or fully automatic methods. However, the former is expensive and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Dibyakanti Kumar , Vivek Gupta , Soumya Sharma , Shuo Zhang

The course forums are increasingly significant and play vital role in facilitating student discussions and answering their questions related to the course. It provides a platform for students to post their questions related to the content…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Neo Wang , Sonit Singh

Regularization is a core component of modern inverse problems, as it helps establish the well-posedness of the solution of interest. Popular regularization approaches include variational regularization and iterative regularization. The…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-08 Jie Gao , Cesare Molinari , Silvia Villa , Jingwei Liang

The complexities of legalese in terms and policy documents can bind individuals to contracts they do not fully comprehend, potentially leading to uninformed data sharing. Our work seeks to alleviate this issue by developing language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Shikha Soneji , Mitchell Hoesing , Sujay Koujalgi , Jonathan Dodge

Search-augmented reasoning agents interleave multi-step reasoning with external information retrieval, but uncontrolled retrieval often leads to redundant evidence, context saturation, and unstable learning. Existing approaches rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Siheng Xiong , Oguzhan Gungordu , Blair Johnson , James C. Kerce , Faramarz Fekri

A safe and trustworthy use of Large Language Models (LLMs) requires an accurate expression of confidence in their answers. We propose a novel Reinforcement Learning approach that allows to directly fine-tune LLMs to express calibrated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 David Bani-Harouni , Chantal Pellegrini , Paul Stangel , Ege Özsoy , Kamilia Zaripova , Nassir Navab , Matthias Keicher

This paper introduces our proposed system for the MIA Shared Task on Cross-lingual Open-retrieval Question Answering (COQA). In this challenging scenario, given an input question the system has to gather evidence documents from a…

Prior research has demonstrated noticeable performance gains through the use of probabilistic tokenizations, an approach that involves employing multiple tokenizations of the same input string during the training phase of a language model.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Ashutosh Sathe , Divyanshu Aggarwal , Sunayana Sitaram

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve excellent performance in natural language reasoning tasks through pre-training on vast unstructured text, enabling them to understand the logic in natural language and generate logic-consistent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Songze Li , Zhiqiang Liu , Zhaoyan Gong , Xiaoke Guo , Zhengke Gui , Huajun Chen , Wen Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate accurate and reliable responses that are grounded in retrieved context. However, LLMs often generate inconsistent outputs for semantically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Xujun Peng , Anoop Kumar , Jingyu Wu , Parker Glenn , Daben Liu

This paper explores the potential of leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for data augmentation in multilingual commonsense reasoning datasets where the available training data is extremely limited. To achieve this, we utilise several…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Chenxi Whitehouse , Monojit Choudhury , Alham Fikri Aji