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A complex projective manifold is rationally connected, resp. rationally simply connected, if finite subsets are connected by a rational curve, resp. the spaces parameterizing these connecting rational curves are themselves rationally…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-06-20 Jason Starr , Chenyang Xu

By studying the theory of rational curves, we introduce a notion of rational simple connectedness for projective homogeneous spaces. As an application, we prove that over a function field of an algebraic surface, a projective homogeneous…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-01-18 Yi Zhu

Over an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic, there exist rational functions with only one critical point. We give an elementary characterization of these functions in terms of their continued fraction expansions. Then we…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-05-19 Xander Faber

It goes back to Ahlfors that a real algebraic curve admits a real-fibered morphism to the projective line if and only if the real part of the curve disconnects its complex part. Inspired by this result, we are interested in characterising…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2023-07-18 Mario Kummer , Cédric Le Texier , Matilde Manzaroli

We classify fibrations by integral plane projective rational quartic curves whose generic fibre is regular but admits a non-smooth point that is a canonical divisor. These fibrations can only exist in characteristic two. The geometric…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-10-27 Cesar Hilario , Karl-Otto Stöhr

Various methods have been used to construct rational points and rational curves on rationally connected algebraic varieties. We survey recent advances in two of them, the descent and the fibration method, in a number-theoretical context…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2023-12-27 Olivier Wittenberg

It is proved that on a smooth algebraic variety, fibered into cubic surfaces over the projective line and sufficiently ``twisted'' over the base, there is only one pencil of rational surfaces -- that is, this very pencil of cubics. In…

alg-geom · Mathematics 2008-02-03 Aleksandr V. Pukhlikov

In this paper we provide a computational approach to the shape of curves which are rational in polar coordinates, i.e. which are defined by means of a parametrization (r(t),\theta(t)) where both r(t),\theta(t) are rational functions. Our…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2015-02-17 J. G. Alcázar , G. M. Díaz-Toca

This is the fourth of a series of papers studying real algebraic threefolds, but the methods are mostly independent from the previous ones. Let $f:X\to C$ be a map of a smooth projective real algebraic 3-fold to a curve $C$ whose general…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 János Kollár

We show that the motivic zeta functions of smooth, geometrically connected curves with no rational points are rational functions. This was previously known only for curves whose smooth projective models have a rational point on each…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-05-30 Daniel Litt

The periodic points of a morphism of good reduction for a smooth projective curve with good reduction over the p-adics form a discrete set. This is used to give an interpretation of the morphic height in terms of asymptotic properties of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Manfred Einsiedler , Graham Everest , Thomas Ward

We provide a complete classification of possible graphs of rational preperiodic points of quadratic rational functions defined over the rationals with a rational periodic critical point of period 3, under two assumptions: that these…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-11-20 Solomon Vishkautsan , Michael Stoll

We give a complete classification, up to birational equivalence, of all fibrations by plane projective rational quartic curves in characteristic two.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-10-14 Cesar Hilario , Karl-Otto Stöhr

From a topological viewpoint, a rational curve in the real projective plane is generically a smoothly immersed circle and a finite collection of isolated points. We give an isotopy classification of generic rational quintics in…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-10-14 Ilia Itenberg , Grigory Mikhalkin , Johannes Rau

We consider the expansion of the real field by the group of rational points of an elliptic curve over the rational numbers. We prove a completeness result, followed by a quantifier elimination result. Moreover we show that open sets…

Logic · Mathematics 2010-12-01 Ayhan Gunaydin , Philipp Hieronymi

This article addresses the existence of $\Q$-rational periodic points for morphisms of projective space. In particular, we construct an infinitely family of morphisms on $\P^N$ where each component is a degree 2 homogeneous form in $N+1$…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2009-08-04 Benjamin Hutz

Consider the scheme parametrizing non-constant morphisms from a fixed projective curve to a projective surface. There is a rational map between this scheme and the Chow variety of $1$-cycles on the surface. We prove that, if the curve is…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-11-03 Lucas das Dores

A natural kind of compactification of the virtual moduli spaces of rational functions of one complex variable is given. To describe the boundary points geometrically, the authors introduce the concept of rational functions with nodes,…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2016-02-16 Masayo Fujimura , Masahiko Taniguchi

A telegraphic survey of some of the standard results and conjectures about the set $C({\bf Q})$ of rational points on a smooth projective absolutely connected curve $C$ over ${\bf Q}$.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2010-03-15 Chandan Singh Dalawat

For any positive integer $r$, we construct a smooth complex projective rational surface which has at least $r$ real forms not isomorphic over $\mathbb{R}$.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2022-02-11 Anna Bot
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