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The decoding throughput in the postprocessing is one of the bottlenecks for a continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) system. In this paper, we propose a layered decoder to decode quasi-cyclic multi-edge type LDPC (QC-METLDPC)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-21 Yang Li , Xiaofang Zhang , Yong Li , Bingjie Xu , Li Ma , Jie Yang , Wei Huang

Protograph-based low-density parity-check Hadamard codes (PLDPC-HCs) are a new type of ultimate-Shannon-limit-approaching codes. In this paper, we propose a hardware architecture for the PLDPC-HC layered decoders. The decoders consist…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Peng W. Zhang , Francis C. M. Lau , Chiu-W. Sham

Under successive cancellation (SC) decoding, polar codes are inferior to other codes of similar blocklength in terms of frame error rate. While more sophisticated decoding algorithms such as list- or stack-decoding partially mitigate this…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-12-18 Orion Afisiadis , Alexios Balatsoukas-Stimming , Andreas Burg

A novel SC decoding method of polar codes is proposed in $d$-deletion channels, where a new pruning strategy is designed to reduce decoding complexity. Considering the difference of the scenario weight distributions, pruning thresholds for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-22 He Sun , Rongke Liu , Bin Dai

Ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) demand decoding algorithms that simultaneously offer high reliability and low complexity under stringent latency constraints. While iterative decoding schemes for LDPC and Polar codes offer…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-30 Enrico Testi , Enrico Paolini

Polar codes are a new class of block codes with an explicit construction that provably achieve the capacity of various communications channels, even with the low-complexity successive-cancellation (SC) decoding algorithm. Yet, the more…

The non-binary low-density parity-check (NB-LDPC) codes can offer promising performance advantages but suffer from high decoding complexity. To tackle this challenge, in this paper, we consider NB-LDPC codes over finite fields as codes over…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-30 V. B. Wijekoon , Emanuele Viterbo , Yi Hong

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution utilizes an ensemble of coherent states of light to distribute secret encryption keys between two parties. One of the challenges is thereby the requirement of capacity approaching error…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Hossein Mani , Tobias Gehring , Christoph Pacher , Ulrik Lund Andersen

For polar codes with short-to-medium code length, list successive cancellation decoding is used to achieve a good error-correcting performance. However, list pruning in the current list decoding is based on the sorting strategy and its…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2015-11-30 YouZhe Fan , Ji Chen , ChenYang Xia , Chi-ying Tsui , Jie Jin , Hui Shen , Bin Li

Non-binary low-density parity-check codes are robust to various channel impairments. However, based on the existing decoding algorithms, the decoder implementations are expensive because of their excessive computational complexity and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Chung-Li Wang , Xiaoheng Chen , Zongwang Li , Shaohua Yang

Fast, scalable decoding architectures that operate in a block-wise parallel fashion across space and time are essential for real-time fault-tolerant quantum computing. We introduce a scalable AI-based pre-decoder for the surface code that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-15 Christopher Chamberland , Jan Olle , Muyuan Li , Scott Thornton , Igor Baratta

Non-binary polar codes (NBPCs) decoded by successive cancellation (SC) algorithm have remarkable bit-error-rate performance compared to the binary polar codes (BPCs). Due to the serial nature, SC decoding suffers from large latency. The…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Ali Farsiabi , Hamid Ebrahimzad , Masoud Ardakani , Chuandong Li

Even though polar codes were adopted in the latest 5G cellular standard, they still have the fundamental problem of high decoding latency. Aiming at solving this problem, a fast simplified successive cancellation (Fast-SSC) decoder based on…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Haotian Zheng , Alexios Balatsoukas-Stimming , Zizheng Cao , Ton Koonen

Product codes are widespread in optical communications, thanks to their high throughput and good error-correction performance. Systematic polar codes have been recently considered as component codes for product codes. In this paper, we…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Valerio Bioglio , Carlo Condo , Ingmar Land

Product codes (PCs) protect a two-dimensional array of bits using short component codes. Assuming transmission over the binary symmetric channel, the decoding is commonly performed by iteratively applying bounded-distance decoding to the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-22 Christian Häger , Henry D. Pfister

Efficient decoding is crucial to high-throughput and power-sensitive wireless communication scenarios. A theoretical analysis of the performance-complexity tradeoff toward low-complexity decoding is required for a better understanding of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Qingqing Peng , Dawei Yin , Dongxu Chang , Yuan Li , Huazi Zhang , Guiying Yan , Guanghui Wang

We propose a novel parallel algorithm for decomposing hard CircuitSAT instances. The technique employs specialized constraints to partition an original SAT instance into a family of weakened formulas. Our approach is implemented as a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Victor Kondratiev , Irina Gribanova , Alexander Semenov

We consider the decoding of LDPC codes over GF(q) with the low-complexity majority algorithm from [1]. A modification of this algorithm with multiple thresholds is suggested. A lower estimate on the decoding radius realized by the new…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-02-25 Alexey Frolov , Victor Zyablov

In this paper, we introduce an efficient iterative solver for the joint linear-programming (LP) decoding of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes and finite-state channels (FSCs). In particular, we extend the approach of iterative…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Byung-Hak Kim , Henry D. Pfister

Due to the high sensitivity of qubits to environmental noise, which leads to decoherence and information loss, active quantum error correction(QEC) is essential. Surface codes represent one of the most promising fault-tolerant QEC schemes,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Hao Wang , Erjia Xiao , Wenbo Mu , Songhuan He , Zhongyi Ni , Lingfeng Zhang , Xiaokun Zhan , Yifei Cui , Jinguo Liu , Cheng Wang , Zhongrui Wang , Renjing Xu
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