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The development of Automatic Question Generation (QG) models has the potential to significantly improve educational practices by reducing the teacher workload associated with creating educational content. This paper introduces a novel…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Ziqing Li , Mutlu Cukurova , Sahan Bulathwela

Ambiguous user queries in search engines result in the retrieval of documents that often span multiple topics. One potential solution is for the search engine to generate multiple refined queries, each of which relates to a subset of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Woon Sang Cho , Yizhe Zhang , Sudha Rao , Chris Brockett , Sungjin Lee

Generating relevant responses in a dialog is challenging, and requires not only proper modeling of context in the conversation but also being able to generate fluent sentences during inference. In this paper, we propose a two-step framework…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Kashif Khan , Gaurav Sahu , Vikash Balasubramanian , Lili Mou , Olga Vechtomova

Generative models for open domain question answering have proven to be competitive, without resorting to external knowledge. While promising, this approach requires to use models with billions of parameters, which are expensive to train and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Gautier Izacard , Edouard Grave

This paper investigates a new task named Conversational Question Generation (CQG) which is to generate a question based on a passage and a conversation history (i.e., previous turns of question-answer pairs). CQG is a crucial task for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Boyuan Pan , Hao Li , Ziyu Yao , Deng Cai , Huan Sun

Slate generation is a common task in streaming and e-commerce platforms, where multiple items are presented together as a list or ``slate''. Traditional systems focus mostly on item-level ranking and often fail to capture the coherence of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Federico Tomasi , Francesco Fabbri , Justin Carter , Elias Kalomiris , Mounia Lalmas , Zhenwen Dai

Existing text generation methods tend to produce repeated and "boring" expressions. To tackle this problem, we propose a new text generation model, called Diversity-Promoting Generative Adversarial Network (DP-GAN). The proposed model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-22 Jingjing Xu , Xuancheng Ren , Junyang Lin , Xu Sun

Scarcity of training data for task-oriented dialogue systems is a well known problem that is usually tackled with costly and time-consuming manual data annotation. An alternative solution is to rely on automatic text generation which,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Stéphane d'Ascoli , Alice Coucke , Francesco Caltagirone , Alexandre Caulier , Marc Lelarge

The task of information retrieval is an important component of many natural language processing systems, such as open domain question answering. While traditional methods were based on hand-crafted features, continuous representations based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Gautier Izacard , Edouard Grave

We propose a unified deep learning framework for the generation and analysis of driving scenario trajectories, and validate its effectiveness in a principled way. To model and generate scenarios of trajectories with different lengths, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Andreas Demetriou , Henrik Alfsvåg , Sadegh Rahrovani , Morteza Haghir Chehreghani

Adversarial evaluation stress tests a model's understanding of natural language. While past approaches expose superficial patterns, the resulting adversarial examples are limited in complexity and diversity. We propose human-in-the-loop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-17 Eric Wallace , Pedro Rodriguez , Shi Feng , Ikuya Yamada , Jordan Boyd-Graber

The ability to ask questions is important in both human and machine intelligence. Learning to ask questions helps knowledge acquisition, improves question-answering and machine reading comprehension tasks, and helps a chatbot to keep the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Bang Liu , Haojie Wei , Di Niu , Haolan Chen , Yancheng He

Recent advances in QA pair generation (QAG) have raised interest in applying this technique to the educational field. However, the diversity of QA types remains a challenge despite its contributions to comprehensive learning and assessment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Sugyeong Eo , Hyeonseok Moon , Jinsung Kim , Yuna Hur , Jeongwook Kim , Songeun Lee , Changwoo Chun , Sungsoo Park , Heuiseok Lim

As artificial intelligence systems become increasingly prevalent in education, a fundamental challenge emerges: how can we verify if an AI truly understands how students think and reason? Traditional evaluation methods like measuring…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Shashank Sonkar , Naiming Liu , Xinghe Chen , Richard G. Baraniuk

Recent success of deep learning models for the task of extractive Question Answering (QA) is hinged on the availability of large annotated corpora. However, large domain specific annotated corpora are limited and expensive to construct. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-04 Bhuwan Dhingra , Danish Pruthi , Dheeraj Rajagopal

The ability to generate natural-language questions with controlled complexity levels is highly desirable as it further expands the applicability of question generation. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end neural complexity-controllable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Sheng Bi , Xiya Cheng , Yuan-Fang Li , Lizhen Qu , Shirong Shen , Guilin Qi , Lu Pan , Yinlin Jiang

We present $\textbf{$\texttt{SkillQG}$}$: a question generation framework with controllable comprehension types for assessing and improving machine reading comprehension models. Existing question generation systems widely differentiate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Xiaoqiang Wang , Bang Liu , Siliang Tang , Lingfei Wu

Generating diverse follow-up questions that uncover missing information remains challenging for conversational agents, particularly when they run on small, locally hosted models. To address this, we develop an information-gap-driven…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Zhe Liu , Taekyu Kang , Haoyu Wang , Seyed Hossein Alavi , Vered Shwartz

Generating diverse sequences is important in many NLP applications such as question generation or summarization that exhibit semantically one-to-many relationships between source and the target sequences. We present a method to explicitly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Jaemin Cho , Minjoon Seo , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

Open domain conversational agents can answer a broad range of targeted queries. However, the sequential nature of interaction with these systems makes knowledge exploration a lengthy task which burdens the user with asking a chain of well…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Christopher Richardson , Sudipta Kar , Anjishnu Kumar , Anand Ramachandran , Omar Zia Khan , Zeynab Raeesy , Abhinav Sethy