English
Related papers

Related papers: Towards a theory of machine learning

200 papers

All machine learning algorithms use a loss, cost, utility or reward function to encode the learning objective and oversee the learning process. This function that supervises learning is a frequently unrecognized hyperparameter that…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Mathew Mithra Noel , Arindam Banerjee , Yug Oswal , Geraldine Bessie Amali D , Venkataraman Muthiah-Nakarajan

Many complex physical systems admit natural decomposition into an exactly solvable component and a perturbative correction. Rather than training neural networks to learn complete trajectories from scratch, we introduce Neural Network…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Zhenhao Chen , Mutian Shen , Boris Fain , Zohar Nussinov

We study the notion of approximate entropy within the framework of network theory. Approximate entropy is an uncertainty measure originally proposed in the context of dynamical systems and time series. We firstly define a purely structural…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-05-30 James West , Lucas Lacasa , Simone Severini , Andrew Teschendorff

While deep learning models and techniques have achieved great empirical success, our understanding of the source of success in many aspects remains very limited. In an attempt to bridge the gap, we investigate the decision boundary of a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-01-03 Yu Li , Lizhong Ding , Xin Gao

We construct a cellular sheaf from any feedforward ReLU neural network by placing one vertex for each intermediate quantity in the forward pass and encoding each computational step - affine transformation, activation, output - as a…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-03-26 Vicente Bosca , Robert Ghrist

Artificial Neural Networks have shown impressive success in very different application cases. Choosing a proper network architecture is a critical decision for a network's success, usually done in a manual manner. As a straightforward…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Julian Stier , Gabriele Gianini , Michael Granitzer , Konstantin Ziegler

This paper proposes a new paradigm for learning a set of independent logical rules in disjunctive normal form as an interpretable model for classification. We consider the problem of learning an interpretable decision rule set as training a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Litao Qiao , Weijia Wang , Bill Lin

Continual learning, the ability of a model to adapt to an ongoing sequence of tasks without forgetting earlier ones, is a central goal of artificial intelligence. To better understand its underlying mechanisms, we study the limitations of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-21 Hossein Taheri , Avishek Ghosh , Arya Mazumdar

Artificial neural networks (NNs) have become the de facto standard in machine learning. They allow learning highly nonlinear transformations in a plethora of applications. However, NNs usually only provide point estimates without…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-11 Marco F. Huber

Machine Unlearning is an emerging paradigm for selectively removing the impact of training datapoints from a network. Unlike existing methods that target a limited subset or a single class, our framework unlearns all classes in a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Samuele Poppi , Sara Sarto , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

Supervised training of neural networks for classification is typically performed with a global loss function. The loss function provides a gradient for the output layer, and this gradient is back-propagated to hidden layers to dictate an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-09 Arild Nøkland , Lars Hiller Eidnes

Continual learning enables neural networks to learn tasks sequentially without forgetting previously acquired knowledge. However, neural networks suffer from catastrophic forgetting, where learning new tasks degrades performance on earlier…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Mohammad Ali Vahedifar , Abhisek Ray , Qi Zhang

The stunning empirical successes of neural networks currently lack rigorous theoretical explanation. What form would such an explanation take, in the face of existing complexity-theoretic lower bounds? A first step might be to show that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Le Song , Santosh Vempala , John Wilmes , Bo Xie

Performing more tasks in parallel is a typical feature of complex brains. These are characterized by the coexistence of excitatory and inhibitory synapses, whose percentage in mammals is measured to have a typical value of 20-30\%. Here we…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2015-08-25 Vittorio Capano , Hans J. Herrmann , Lucilla de Arcangelis

Deep neural networks are widely used prediction algorithms whose performance often improves as the number of weights increases, leading to over-parametrization. We consider a two-layered neural network whose first layer is frozen while the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-10 Roman Worschech , Bernd Rosenow

We propose a Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) neural network using a quantum thermodynamics formalism and the maximization of entropy as the cost function for the optimization problem. We verify the possibility of using an entropy…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-03-18 Roshawn Terrell , Eleanor Watson , Timofey Golubev

We develop a method for training neural networks on Boolean data in which the values at all nodes are strictly $\pm 1$, and the resulting models are typically equivalent to networks whose nonzero weights are also $\pm 1$. The method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Veit Elser , Manish Krishan Lal

Neural networks are a group of neurons stacked together in multiple layers to mimic the biological neurons in a human brain. Neural networks have been trained using the backpropagation algorithm based on gradient descent strategy for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Deepak Kumar

With the rapid discovery of emergent phenomena in deep learning and large language models, understanding their cause has become an urgent need. Here, we propose a rigorous entropic-force theory for understanding the learning dynamics of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Liu Ziyin , Yizhou Xu , Isaac Chuang

Objective: Brain is a fantastic organ that helps creature adapting to the environment. Network is the most essential structure of brain, but the capability of a simple network is still not very clear. In this study, we try to expound some…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-11-05 Xiang Zou , Lie Yao , Donghua Zhao , Liang Chen , Ying Mao