Related papers: The Noether theorems in context
Gravitational theories invariant under transverse diffeomorphisms and Weyl transformations have the same classical solutions as the corresponding fully diffeomorphism invariant theories. However, they solve some of the problems related to…
A fundamental tenet of gauge theory is that physical quantities should be gauge-invariant. This prompts the question: can gauge symmetries have physical significance? On one hand, the Noether theorems relate conserved charges to symmetries,…
In the classical Lagrangian approach to conservation laws of gauge-natural field theories a suitable (vector) density is known to generate the so--called {\em conserved Noether currents}. It turns out that along any section of the relevant…
We begin by reporting on some recent results of the authors (Frederico and Torres, 2006), concerning the use of the fractional Euler-Lagrange notion to prove a Noether-like theorem for the problems of the calculus of variations with…
We present a variational approach for relativistic ideal hydrodynamics interacting with electromagnetic fields. The momentum of fluid is introduced as the canonical conjugate variable of the position of a fluid element, which coincides with…
The first law of black hole mechanics was derived by Wald in a general covariant theory of gravity for stationary variations around a stationary black hole. It is formulated in terms of Noether charges, and has many advantages. In this…
We study the Lie and Noether point symmetries of a class of systems of second-order differential equations with $n$ independent and $m$ dependent variables ($n\times m$ systems). We solve the symmetry conditions in a geometric way and…
Noether invariance in statistical mechanics provides fundamental connections between the symmetries of a physical system and its conservation laws and sum rules. The latter are exact identities that involve statistically averaged forces and…
In December 1911, Max Abraham published a paper on gravitation at the basis of which was Albert Einstein's 1911 June conclusion about a relationship between the velocity of light and the gravitational potential. In February 1912, Einstein…
Arbitrary diffeomorphically invariant metric-torsion theories of gravity are considered. It is assumed that Lagrangians of such theories contain derivatives of field variables (tensor densities of arbitrary ranks and weights) up to a second…
In 1887 Voigt published a paper dedicated to the Doppler effect in which he demanded form invariance to the wave equation in inertial frames and obtained a set of spacetime transformations now known as the Voigt transformations. In 1905…
Noether's theorem in the realm of point dynamics establishes the correlation of a constant of motion of a Hamilton-Lagrange system with a particular symmetry transformation that preserves the form of the action functional. Although usually…
A simple implementation of Noether's theorem for discrete symmetries in relativistic continuum field theories is presented. The associated conserved current is exemplified by charge conjugation and a cyclic symmetry. In addition, the…
Surprisingly, an interesting property of the Noether charge that it is by itself invariant under the corresponding symmetry transformation is never discussed in quantum field theory or classical mechanics textbooks we have checked. This…
The Finnish physicist Gunnar Nordstr\"om developed a competing theory of gravitation to Einstein's 1912-1913 gravitation theory. The equivalence principle was valid in his theory and it also satisfied red shift of the spectral lines from…
For nonsmooth Euler-Lagrange extremals, Noether's conservation laws cease to be valid. We show that Emmy Noether's theorem of the calculus of variations is still valid in the wider class of Lipschitz functions, as long as one restrict the…
We propose a unified framework for random locations exhibiting some probabilistic symmetries such as stationarity, self-similarity, etc. A theorem of Noether's type is proved, which gives rise to a conservation law describing the change of…
This article, written to appear as a chapter in "The Springer Handbook of Spacetime", is a review of the initial value problem for Einstein's gravitational field theory in general relativity. Designed to be accessible to graduate students…
We give a version of Noether theorem adapted to the framework of mu-symmetries; this extends to such case recent work by Muriel, Romero and Olver in the framework of lambda-symmetries, and connects mu-symmetries of a Lagrangian to a…
The Noether current and its variation relation with respect to diffeomorphism invariance of gravitational theories have been derived from the horizontal variation and vertical-horizontal bi-variation of the Lagrangian, respectively. For…