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We study a generalization of conditional probability for arbitrary ordered vector spaces. A related problem is that of assigning a numerical value to one vector relative to another. We characterize the groups for which these generalized…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-12 Nicolas Monod

We report a theoretical study of Anderson localization of nonclassical light with emphasis on the quantum statistical aspects of localized light. We demonstrate, from the variance in mean intensity of localized light, as well as…

Optics · Physics 2010-04-22 Clinton Thompson , Gautam Vemuri , G. S. Agarwal

An approach to reasoning with default rules where the proportion of exceptions, or more generally the probability of encountering an exception, can be at least roughly assessed is presented. It is based on local uncertainty propagation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-26 Stephane Amarger , Didier Dubois , Henri Prade

In this paper, we prove Anderson localization for a hierarchical Anderson-Bernoulli model on lattice with arbitrary dimension, where the potential is characterized by a geometric hierarchical structure combined with fluctuations induced by…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Shihe Liu , Yunfeng Shi , Zhifei Zhang

We numerically study the distribution function of the conductivity (transmission) in the one-dimensional tight-binding Anderson model in the region of fluctuation states. We show that while single parameter scaling in this region is not…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-07 L. I. Deych , M. V. Erementchouk , A. A. Lisyansky

We consider the Anderson model on a strip. Assuming that potentials have bounded density with considerable tails we get a lower bound for the fluctuations of the logarithm of the Green's function in a finite box. This implies an effective…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-05-06 Ilia Binder , Michael Goldstein , Mircea Voda

Probabilistic conditioning is concerned with the identification of a distribution of a random variable $X$ given a random variable $Y$. It is a cornerstone of scientific and engineering applications where modeling uncertainty is key. This…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-13 Panos Tsimpos , Edoardo Calvello , Ayoub Belhadji , Nicholas H. Nelsen

We study the problem of estimating the mean of a multivariatedistribution based on independent samples. The main result is the proof of existence of an estimator with a non-asymptotic sub-Gaussian performance for all distributions…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-07-20 Emilien Joly , Gábor Lugosi , Roberto I. Oliveira

Statistical machine learning theory often tries to give generalization guarantees of machine learning models. Those models naturally underlie some fluctuation, as they are based on a data sample. If we were unlucky, and gathered a sample…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Alexander Mey

We present a generalization of the maximal inequalities that upper bound the expectation of the maximum of $n$ jointly distributed random variables. We control the expectation of a randomly selected random variable from $n$ jointly…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-08-31 Jiantao Jiao , Yanjun Han , Tsachy Weissman

We discuss the dynamics of particles in one dimension in potentials that are random both in space and in time. The results are applied to recent optics experiments on Anderson localization, in which the transverse spreading of a beam is…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-08-30 Yevgeny Krivolapov , Liad Levi , Shmuel Fishman , Mordechai Segev , Michael Wilkinson

As a supplement of our previous work, we consider the localized region of the random Schroedinger operators on $l^2({\bf Z}^d)$ and study the point process composed of their eigenvalues and corresponding localization centers. For the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-10-17 Fumihiko Nakano

We prove large and moderate deviation principles for the distribution of an empirical mean conditioned by the value of the sum of discrete i.i.d. random variables. Some applications for combinatoric problems are discussed.

Probability · Mathematics 2007-07-11 Fabrice Gamboa , Thierry Klein , Clémentine Prieur

We give a probabilistic proof for the emergence of the Stable-$1$ Law for the random fluctuations of the mass of the extremal process of branching Brownian Motion away from its tip. This result was already shown by Mytnik et al. albeit…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-05-01 Lisa Hartung , Oren Louidor , Tianqi Wu

Sampling algorithms play a pivotal role in probabilistic AI. However, verifying if a sampler program indeed samples from the claimed distribution is a notoriously hard problem. Provably correct testers like Barbarik, Teq, Flash, CubeProbe…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Rishiraj Bhattacharyya , Sourav Chakraborty , Yash Pote , Uddalok Sarkar , Sayantan Sen

We revisit the replica method for analyzing inference and learning in parametric models, considering situations where the data-generating distribution is unknown or analytically intractable. Instead of assuming idealized distributions to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-11-17 Takashi Takahashi

For a probability distribution $P$ on an at most countable alphabet $\mathcal A$, this article gives finite sample bounds for the expected occupancy counts $\mathbb E K_{n,r}$ and probabilities $\mathbb E M_{n,r}$. Both upper and lower…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-11-17 Geoffrey Decrouez , Michael Grabchak , Quentin Paris

Certain extremum estimators have asymptotic distributions that are non-Gaussian, yet characterizable as the distribution of the $\argmax$ of a Gaussian process. This paper presents high-level sufficient conditions under which such…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-10-24 Matias D. Cattaneo , Gregory Fletcher Cox , Michael Jansson , Kenichi Nagasawa

We present a microscopic derivation of self-consistent equations of Anderson localization in a disordered medium of finite size. The derivation leads to a renormalized, position-dependent diffusion coefficient. The position dependence of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-04-03 N. Cherroret , S. E. Skipetrov

We consider the problem of estimating the conditional distribution of a post-model-selection estimator where the conditioning is on the selected model. The notion of a post-model-selection estimator here refers to the combined procedure…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-11-06 Hannes Leeb , Benedikt M. Pötscher