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Using boundary-layer theory, natural convection heat transfer formulas which are accurate over a wide range of Rayleigh numbers ($Ra$) were developed in the 1970s and 1980s for vertical and downward-facing plates. A comprehensive formula…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-02-06 Aubrey Jaffer

This work proposes an extensive review of laminar and turbulent forced convective heat transfer correlations inside tubes by analyzing both experimental and computational research. Convective heat transfer is influenced by fluid turbulence…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-01-09 Gubran A. Q. Abdulrahman , Sultan M. Alharbi

In this paper we carry out a numerical investigation of forced convection heat transfer from a heated elliptical cylinder in a uniform free stream with angle of inclination $\theta^{\circ}$. Numerical simulations were carried out for $10…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-08-21 Raghav Singhal , Sailen Dutta , Jiten C. Kalita

The heat transport in rotating Rayleigh-B\'enard convection (RBC) can be significantly enhanced for moderate rotation, i.e., for an intermediate range of Rossby numbers $Ro$, compared to the non-rotating case. At Rayleigh numbers…

We perform a two-dimensional numerical study on the thermal effect of porous media on global heat transport and flow structure in Rayleigh-B\'enard (RB) convection, focusing on the role of thermal conductivity $\lambda$ of porous media,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-04-17 Jun Zhong , Shuang Liu , Chao Sun

The heat transfer and flow structure in rotating Rayleigh-B\'enard convection are strongly influenced by the Rayleigh ($Ra$), Prandtl ($Pr$), and Rossby ($Ro$) number. For $Pr\gtrsim 1$ and intermediate rotation rates, the heat transfer is…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-05-14 Yantao Yang , Roberto Verzicco , Detlef Lohse , Richard J. A. M. Stevens

The large-scale flow structure and the turbulent transfer of heat and momentum are directly measured in highly turbulent liquid metal convection experiments for Rayleigh numbers varied between $4 \times 10^5$ and $\leq 5 \times 10^9$ and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-05-04 Felix Schindler , Sven Eckert , Till Zürner , Jörg Schumacher , Tobias Vogt

A systematic theory for the scaling of the Nusselt number $Nu$ and of the Reynolds number $Re$ in strong Rayleigh-Benard convection is suggested and shown to be compatible with recent experiments. It assumes a coherent large scale…

chao-dyn · Physics 2017-05-17 Siegfried Grossmann , Detlef Lohse

Turbulent heat and momentum transfer processes due to thermal convection cover many scales and are of great importance for several natural and technical flows. One consequence is that a fully resolved three-dimensional analysis of these…

In this paper, we propose a space-dependent eddy thermal diffusivity model for turbulent vertical natural convection in a fluid between two infinite vertical walls at different temperatures. Using this model, we derive analytical results…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-01 Ho Yin Ng , Emily S. C. Ching

We study turbulent Rayleigh-B\'enard convection over four decades of Rayleigh numbers 4E8 < Ra < 2E12, while harmonically modulating the temperatures of the plates of our cylindrical cell. We probe the flow by temperature sensors placed in…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-04-13 P. Urban , P. Hanzelka , T. Králík , V. Musilová , L. Skrbek

Rayleigh-B\'enard convection, i.e. the flow of a fluid between two parallel plates that is driven by a temperature gradient, is an idealised setup to study thermal convection. Of special interest are the statistics of the turbulent…

A new regime of turbulent convection has been reported nearly one decade ago, based on global heat transfer measurements at very high Rayleigh numbers. We examine the signature of this "Ultimate Regime" from within the flow itself. A…

Convection in planets and stars is predicted to occur in the "ultimate regime'' of diffusivity-free, rapidly rotating turbulence, in which flows are characteristically unaffected by viscous and thermal diffusion. Boundary layer diffusion,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-04-21 Jewel A. Abbate , Yufan Xu , Tobias Vogt , Susanne Horn , Keith Julien , Jonathan M. Aurnou

An important question in turbulent Rayleigh-B\'{e}nard convection (RBC) is the effectiveness of convective heat transport, which is conveniently described via the scaling of the Nusselt number (${\rm{Nu}}$) with the Rayleigh (${\rm{Ra}}$)…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-04-29 P. Urban , T. Králík , P. Hanzelka , V. Musilová , T. Věžník , D. Schmoranzer , L. Skrbek

We numerically investigate turbulent Rayleigh-B\'enard convection with gas bubbles attached to the hot plate, mimicking a core feature in electrolysis, catalysis, or boiling. The existence of bubbles on the plate reduces the global heat…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-08-17 Hao-Ran Liu , Kai Leong Chong , Rui Yang , Roberto Verzicco , Detlef Lohse

We study fully compressible convection in the context of plane-parallel, polytropically stratified atmospheres. We perform a suite of 2D and 3D simulations in which we vary the initial superadiabaticity ($\epsilon$) and the Rayleigh number…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-09-06 Evan H. Anders , Benjamin P. Brown

A numerical investigation of an asymptotically reduced model for quasi-geostrophic Rayleigh-B\'enard convection is conducted in which the depth-averaged flows are numerically suppressed by modifying the governing equations. The Reynolds…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-08-23 Tobias G. Oliver , Adrienne S. Jacobi , Keith Julien , Michael A. Calkins

We report experimental measurements of heat transport in rotating Rayleigh-B{\'e}nard convection in a cylindrical convection cell with aspect ratio $\Gamma = 1/2$. The fluid was helium gas with Prandtl number Pr = 0.7. The range of control…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-06-17 Robert E. Ecke , Joseph J. Niemela

We prove a new rigorous bound for the mean convective heat transport $\langle w T \rangle$, where $w$ and $T$ are the nondimensional vertical velocity and temperature, in internally heated convection between an insulating lower boundary and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-06-22 Ali Arslan , Giovanni Fantuzzi , John Craske , Andrew Wynn
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