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Physics is a model of nature able to both describe and predict the results of measurements made with respect to reference systems. These reference systems, in turn, are themselves physical and thus subject to the laws of physics. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-05 Henrique A. R. Knopki , Renato M. Angelo

We illustrate some tests which may shed light on physics beyond the Standard Model. Some of them are especially sensitive to possible signals of new physics.

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-05-20 Ziad J. Ajaltouni , Elvio Di Salvo

The goal of Science is to understand phenomena and systems in order to predict their development and gain control over them. In the scientific process of knowledge elaboration, a crucial role is played by models which, in the language of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-10-25 Marco Baldovin , Fabio Cecconi , Massimo Cencini , Andrea Puglisi , Angelo Vulpiani

The job of a physicist is to describe Nature. General features, hypotheses and theories help to describe physics phenomena at a more abstract, fundamental level, and are sometimes tacitly assigned some sort of real existence; doing so…

Popular Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 J. Strauss

The growing complexity of modern practical problems puts high demands on the mathematical modelling. Given that various models can be used for modelling one physical phenomenon, the role of model comparison and model choice becomes…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-16 Dmitrii Legatiuk

In recent years, promising mathematical models have been suggested which aim to describe conscious experience and its relation to the physical domain. Whereas the axioms and metaphysical ideas of these theories have been carefully…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-07-15 Johannes Kleiner

We formulate a theory of shape valid for objects of arbitrary dimension whose contours are path connected. We apply this theory to the design and modeling of viable trajectories of complex dynamical systems. Infinite families of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-10-11 Vladimir García-Morales

Based on general considerations, the Standard Model of particle physics with its extensions (SM) can be ruled out as a valid theory of fundamental forces: it requires far too many parameters, which are not determined from first principles.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-03-17 Hans-Peter Morsch

Universe structure emerges in the unreduced, complex-dynamic interaction process with the simplest initial configuration (two attracting homogeneous fields, quant-ph/9902015). The unreduced interaction analysis gives intrinsically creative…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrei P. Kirilyuk

A different general philosophy, to be called Full Randomness (FR), for the analysis of random effects models is presented, involving a notion of reducing or preferably eliminating fixed effects, at least formally. For example, under FR…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-09-30 Norm Matloff

We introduce a notion of complexity of diagrams (and in particular of objects and morphisms) in an arbitrary category, as well as a notion of complexity of functors between categories equipped with complexity functions. We discuss several…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2020-07-01 Saugata Basu , M. Umut Isik

The purpose of physics is to describe nature from elementary particles all the way up to cosmological objects like cluster of galaxies and black holes. Although a unified description for all this spectrum of events is desirable, this would…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-20 Cristhiano Duarte , Gabriel Dias Carvalho , Nadja K. Bernardes , Fernando de Melo

Self-similar models are important in general relativity and other fundamental theories. In this paper we shall discuss the ``similarity hypothesis'', which asserts that under a variety of physical circumstances solutions of these theories…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 B. J. Carr , A. A. Coley

The principle of classification of macroprocesses is offered, which allows to avoid some methodological mistakes of modern natural sciences. The content and the nearest consequences of this principle is open and its conformity of a…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2014-06-20 V. A. Etkin

We look at equivalence relations on the set of models of a theory -- MERs, for short -- such that the class of equivalent pairs is itself an elementary class, in a language appropriate for pairs of models. We provide many examples of…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-07-24 Michael Benedikt , Ehud Hrushovski

After two decades of a development of the unitary and analytic models of the electromagnetic structure of hadrons and nuclei their main principles are briefly formulated, then a general scheme of their applications to the electromagnetic,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Dubnicka , A. Z. Dubnickova , P. Strizenec

The relationship between mathematics and physics has long been an area of interest and speculation. Subscribing to the recent definition by Tegmark, we present a mathematical structure involving the only division rings - the real,…

General Physics · Physics 2009-08-17 Lester C. Welch

This presentation explains why models with a dynamical symmetry often work extraordinarily well even in the presence of large symmetry breaking interactions. A model may be a caricature of a more realistic system with a "quasi-dynamical"…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-06-09 D. J. Rowe

Cosmology is becoming an important tool to test particle physics models. We provide an overview of the standard model of cosmology with an emphasis on the observations relevant for testing fundamental physics.

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-31 Kerstin E. Kunze

The study of complex systems through the lens of category theory consistently proves to be a powerful approach. We propose that cognition deserves the same category-theoretic treatment. We show that by considering a highly-compact cognitive…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-08-04 Sophie Alyx Taylor , Son Cao Tran , Dan V. Nicolau