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The incredible success of transformers on sequence modeling tasks can be largely attributed to the self-attention mechanism, which allows information to be transferred between different parts of a sequence. Self-attention allows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Eshaan Nichani , Alex Damian , Jason D. Lee

Accurate and timely traffic flow forecasting is crucial for intelligent transportation systems. This paper presents a novel deep learning model, the Spatial-Temporal Unified Graph Attention Network (STGAtt). By leveraging a unified graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Zhuding Liang , Jianxun Cui , Qingshuang Zeng , Feng Liu , Nenad Filipovic , Tijana Geroski

The rigid, uniform allocation of computation in standard Transformer (TF) architectures can limit their efficiency and scalability, particularly for large-scale models and long sequences. Addressing this, we introduce Subjective Depth…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Frederico Wieser , Martin Benfeghoul , Haitham Bou Ammar , Jun Wang , Zafeirios Fountas

Transformer-based models have gained significant traction in sequential recommender systems (SRSs) for their ability to capture user-item interactions effectively. However, these models often suffer from high computational costs and slow…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Sheng Zhang , Maolin Wang , Wanyu Wang , Jingtong Gao , Xiangyu Zhao , Yu Yang , Xuetao Wei , Zitao Liu , Tong Xu

We consider the problem of referring image segmentation. Given an input image and a natural language expression, the goal is to segment the object referred by the language expression in the image. Existing works in this area treat the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-10 Linwei Ye , Mrigank Rochan , Zhi Liu , Yang Wang

Transformers have been essential to pretraining success in NLP. While other architectures have been used, downstream accuracy is either significantly worse, or requires attention layers to match standard benchmarks such as GLUE. This work…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Junxiong Wang , Jing Nathan Yan , Albert Gu , Alexander M. Rush

Relational reasoning is a central component of generally intelligent systems, enabling robust and data-efficient inductive generalization. Recent empirical evidence shows that many existing neural architectures, including Transformers,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Awni Altabaa , John Lafferty

The remarkable success of Vision Transformers in Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) has led to a growing interest in incorporating the self-attention mechanism and transformer-based architecture into Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs). While…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Xinyu Shi , Zecheng Hao , Zhaofei Yu

End-to-end autonomous driving has witnessed remarkable progress. However, the extensive deployment of autonomous vehicles has yet to be realized, primarily due to 1) inefficient multi-modal environment perception: how to integrate data from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Dongyang Xu , Haokun Li , Qingfan Wang , Ziying Song , Lei Chen , Hanming Deng

Trajectory prediction models in autonomous driving are vulnerable to perturbations from non-causal agents whose actions should not affect the ego-agent's behavior. Such perturbations can lead to incorrect predictions of other agents'…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Ehsan Ahmadi , Ray Mercurius , Soheil Alizadeh , Kasra Rezaee , Amir Rasouli

As a vital problem in pattern analysis and machine intelligence, Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) attempts to transfer an effective feature learner from a labeled source domain to an unlabeled target domain. Inspired by the success of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Ren Chuan-Xian , Zhai Yi-Ming , Luo You-Wei , Yan Hong

Achieving top-notch performance in Intelligent Transportation detection is a critical research area. However, many challenges still need to be addressed when it comes to detecting in a cross-domain scenario. In this paper, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Tong Xiang , Hongxia Zhao , Fenghua Zhu , Yuanyuan Chen , Yisheng Lv

Gating mechanisms are widely used in neural network models, where they allow gradients to backpropagate more easily through depth or time. However, their saturation property introduces problems of its own. For example, in recurrent models…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Albert Gu , Caglar Gulcehre , Tom Le Paine , Matt Hoffman , Razvan Pascanu

The Transformer architecture has been successful across many domains, including natural language processing, computer vision and speech recognition. In keyword spotting, self-attention has primarily been used on top of convolutional or…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-11 Axel Berg , Mark O'Connor , Miguel Tairum Cruz

Auto-encoders have emerged as a successful framework for unsupervised learning. However, conventional auto-encoders are incapable of utilizing explicit relations in structured data. To take advantage of relations in graph-structured data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Amin Salehi , Hasan Davulcu

Transformers, renowned for their self-attention mechanism, have achieved state-of-the-art performance across various tasks in natural language processing, computer vision, time-series modeling, etc. However, one of the challenges with deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Jeongwhan Choi , Hyowon Wi , Jayoung Kim , Yehjin Shin , Kookjin Lee , Nathaniel Trask , Noseong Park

Self-attention mechanism has been a key factor in the recent progress of Vision Transformer (ViT), which enables adaptive feature extraction from global contexts. However, existing self-attention methods either adopt sparse global attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Xuran Pan , Tianzhu Ye , Zhuofan Xia , Shiji Song , Gao Huang

Spoken language understanding (SLU) refers to the process of inferring the semantic information from audio signals. While the neural transformers consistently deliver the best performance among the state-of-the-art neural architectures in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Martin Radfar , Athanasios Mouchtaris , Siegfried Kunzmann

Video Captioning and Summarization have become very popular in the recent years due to advancements in Sequence Modelling, with the resurgence of Long-Short Term Memory networks (LSTMs) and introduction of Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-10 Manjot Bilkhu , Siyang Wang , Tushar Dobhal

With the advancements of sensor hardware, traffic infrastructure and deep learning architectures, trajectory prediction of vehicles has established a solid foundation in intelligent transportation systems. However, existing solutions are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Jia Quan Loh , Xuewen Luo , Fan Ding , Hwa Hui Tew , Junn Yong Loo , Ze Yang Ding , Susilawati Susilawati , Chee Pin Tan