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The article studies non-Gaussian extensions of a recently discovered link between certain Gaussian random fields, expressed as solutions to stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs), and Gaussian Markov random fields. The focus is…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-06-15 David Bolin

Gaussian processes and random fields have a long history, covering multiple approaches to representing spatial and spatio-temporal dependence structures, such as covariance functions, spectral representations, reproducing kernel Hilbert…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-18 Finn Lindgren , David Bolin , Håvard Rue

Gaussian fields (GFs) are frequently used in spatial statistics for their versatility. The associated computational cost can be a bottleneck, especially in realistic applications. It has been shown that computational efficiency can be…

Computation · Statistics 2015-03-13 Xiaoyu Liu , Serge Guillas , Ming-Jun Lai

We consider the problem of model selection in Gaussian Markov fields in the sample deficient scenario. In many practically important cases, the underlying networks are embedded into Euclidean spaces. Using the natural geometric structure,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-31 Ilya Soloveychik , Vahid Tarokh

We consider a fast approximation method for a solution of a certain stochastic non-local pseudodifferential equation. This equation defines a Mat\'ern class random field. The approximation method is based on the spectral compactness of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-10-09 Lassi Roininen , Sari Lasanen , Mikko Orispää , Simo Särkkä

We study maximum likelihood estimation for spatial generalized linear mixed models with Gaussian process approximations using a stochastic Newton-Raphson algorithm. We consider two Gaussian Process approximations in this context: spectral…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-19 Samuel I. Watson , Yixin Wang , Emanuele Giorgi

In this paper a new approach for constructing \emph{multivariate} Gaussian random fields (GRFs) using systems of stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) has been introduced and applied to simulated data and real data. By solving a…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-07-08 Xiangping Hu , Daniel Simpson , Finn Lindgren , Håvard Rue

We consider the numerical approximation of Gaussian random fields on closed surfaces defined as the solution to a fractional stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) with additive white noise. The SPDE involves two parameters…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-05-17 Andrea Bonito , Diane Guignard , Wenyu Lei

We consider Gaussian Random Fields on metric graphs defined implicitly as the stationary solution to a fractional SPDE driven by Gaussian white noise. Sampling from the finite element approximation requires the Cholesky factorization of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Mihály Kovács , Gyula Molnár , Máté András Száraz

Graph Neural Networks have achieved impressive results across diverse network modeling tasks, but accurately estimating uncertainty on graphs remains difficult, especially under distributional shifts. Unlike traditional uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Fred Xu , Thomas Markovich

The R software package rSPDE contains methods for approximating Gaussian random fields based on fractional-order stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs). A common example of such fields are Whittle-Mat\'ern fields on bounded…

Computation · Statistics 2025-02-28 David Bolin , Alexandre B. Simas

We begin with isotropic Gaussian random fields, and show how the Bochner-Godement theorem gives a natural way to describe their covariance structure. We continue with a study of Mat\'ern processes on Euclidean space, spheres, manifolds and…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-11-24 N. H. Bingham , Tasmin L. Symons

We consider the problem of estimating a sparse precision matrix of a multivariate Gaussian distribution, including the case where the dimension $p$ is large. Gaussian graphical models provide an important tool in describing conditional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-04-08 Sayantan Banerjee , Subhashis Ghosal

Multivariate spatial fields are of interest in many applications, including climate model emulation. Not only can the marginal spatial fields be subject to nonstationarity, but the dependence structure among the marginal fields and between…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-21 Paul F. V. Wiemann , Matthias Katzfuss

Continuous-time Bayesian networks is a natural structured representation language for multicomponent stochastic processes that evolve continuously over time. Despite the compact representation, inference in such models is intractable even…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-05-14 Ido Cohn , Tal El-Hay , Nir Friedman , Raz Kupferman

A non-stationary spatial Gaussian random field (GRF) is described as the solution of an inhomogeneous stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE), where the covariance structure of the GRF is controlled by the coefficients in the SPDE.…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-08-11 Geir-Arne Fuglstad , Daniel Simpson , Finn Lindgren , Håvard Rue

Gaussian random fields (GRFs) constitute an important part of spatial modelling, but can be computationally infeasible for general covariance structures. An efficient approach is to specify GRFs via stochastic partial differential equations…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-08-11 Geir-Arne Fuglstad , Finn Lindgren , Daniel Simpson , Håvard Rue

The increasing availability of network data has driven the development of advanced statistical models specifically designed for metric graphs, where Gaussian processes play a pivotal role. While models such as Whittle-Mat\'ern fields have…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-18 David Bolin , Lenin Riera-Segura , Alexandre B. Simas

Machine learning methods on graphs have proven useful in many applications due to their ability to handle generally structured data. The framework of Gaussian Markov Random Fields (GMRFs) provides a principled way to define Gaussian models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-13 Joel Oskarsson , Per Sidén , Fredrik Lindsten

Gaussian random field is a ubiquitous model for spatial phenomena in diverse scientific disciplines. Its approximation is often crucial for computational feasibility in simulation, inference, and uncertainty quantification. The…

Computation · Statistics 2026-01-23 Joaquin Cavieres , Sebastian Krumscheid
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