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Principal component analysis (PCA) is a classical dimension reduction method which projects data onto the principal subspace spanned by the leading eigenvectors of the covariance matrix. However, it behaves poorly when the number of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-05-27 Zongming Ma

Spectral methods have emerged as a simple yet surprisingly effective approach for extracting information from massive, noisy and incomplete data. In a nutshell, spectral methods refer to a collection of algorithms built upon the eigenvalues…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-26 Yuxin Chen , Yuejie Chi , Jianqing Fan , Cong Ma

The CP decomposition for high dimensional non-orthogonal spiked tensors is an important problem with broad applications across many disciplines. However, previous works with theoretical guarantee typically assume restrictive incoherence…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-20 Yuefeng Han , Cun-Hui Zhang

Principal component analysis (PCA) is an unsupervised method for learning low-dimensional features with orthogonal projections. Multilinear PCA methods extend PCA to deal with multidimensional data (tensors) directly via tensor-to-tensor…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-05-08 Qiquan Shi , Haiping Lu

We present a new straightforward principal component analysis (PCA) method based on the diagonalization of the weighted variance-covariance matrix through two spectral decomposition methods: power iteration and Rayleigh quotient iteration.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-12-16 Ludovic Delchambre

Sparse Principal Component Analysis (sPCA) is a cardinal technique for obtaining combinations of features, or principal components (PCs), that explain the variance of high-dimensional datasets in an interpretable manner. This involves…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-02 Ryan Cory-Wright , Jean Pauphilet

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely used unsupervised dimensionality reduction technique in machine learning, applied across various fields such as bioinformatics, computer vision and finance. However, when the response variables…

Applications · Statistics 2025-06-25 Theodosios Papazoglou , Guosheng Yin

Robust tensor CP decomposition involves decomposing a tensor into low rank and sparse components. We propose a novel non-convex iterative algorithm with guaranteed recovery. It alternates between low-rank CP decomposition through gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-28 Animashree Anandkumar , Prateek Jain , Yang Shi , U. N. Niranjan

Principal component analysis (PCA) aims at estimating the direction of maximal variability of a high-dimensional dataset. A natural question is: does this task become easier, and estimation more accurate, when we exploit additional…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-06-19 Andrea Montanari , Emile Richard

Many machine learning applications use latent variable models to explain structure in data, whereby visible variables (= coordinates of the given datapoint) are explained as a probabilistic function of some hidden variables. Finding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-30 Sanjeev Arora , Rong Ge , Tengyu Ma , Andrej Risteski

This paper is concerned with the computation of the principal components for a general tensor, known as the tensor principal component analysis (PCA) problem. We show that the general tensor PCA problem is reducible to its special case…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-11-19 Bo Jiang , Shiqian Ma , Shuzhong Zhang

Recently, introducing Tensor Decomposition (TD) techniques into unsupervised feature selection (UFS) has been an emerging research topic. A tensor structure is beneficial for mining the relations between different modes and helps relieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Junjing Zheng , Xinyu Zhang , Weidong Jiang , Xiangfeng Qiu , Mingjian Ren

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and its nonlinear extension Kernel PCA (KPCA) are widely used across science and industry for data analysis and dimensionality reduction. Modern deep learning tools have achieved great empirical success,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Francesco Tonin , Qinghua Tao , Panagiotis Patrinos , Johan A. K. Suykens

Our main objective is to develop a denoising strategy to increase the signal to noise ratio of individual spectral lines of stellar spectropolarimetric observations. We use a multivariate statistics technique called Principal Component…

Kernel method is a very powerful tool in machine learning. The trick of kernel has been effectively and extensively applied in many areas of machine learning, such as support vector machine (SVM) and kernel principal component analysis…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2011-05-17 Shujie Hou , Robert C. Qiu

In probabilistic principal component analysis (PPCA), an observed vector is modeled as a linear transformation of a low-dimensional Gaussian factor plus isotropic noise. We generalize PPCA to tensors by constraining the loading operator to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-23 Yaoming Zhen , Piotr Zwiernik

An increasing number of data science and machine learning problems rely on computation with tensors, which better capture the multi-way relationships and interactions of data than matrices. When tapping into this critical advantage, a key…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-23 Harry Dong , Tian Tong , Cong Ma , Yuejie Chi

Unlabeled data is often used to learn representations which can be used to supplement baseline features in a supervised learner. For example, for text applications where the words lie in a very high dimensional space (the size of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Paramveer Dhillon , Jordan Rodu , Dean Foster , Lyle Ungar

A tensor network is a diagram that specifies a way to "multiply" a collection of tensors together to produce another tensor (or matrix). Many existing algorithms for tensor problems (such as tensor decomposition and tensor PCA), although…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Ankur Moitra , Alexander S. Wein

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a very successful dimensionality reduction technique, widely used in predictive modeling. A key factor in its widespread use in this domain is the fact that the projection of a dataset onto its first…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-19 Xianghui Luo , Robert J. Durrant