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Rooted, weighted continuum random trees are used to describe limits of sequences of random discrete trees. Formally, they are random quadruples $(\mathcal{T},d,r,p)$, where $(\mathcal{T},d)$ is a tree-like metric space, $r\in\mathcal{T}$ is…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-01-29 Noah Forman

We will say that an infinite tree $T$ is almost a ray if $T$ is the union of a ray and a finite tree. Let $l$ be a non-degenerate labeling of the vertex set $V$ of almost a ray $T$ and let $d_l$ be the corresponding ultrametric on $V$. It…

General Topology · Mathematics 2024-12-13 Oleksiy Dovgoshey , Valentino Vito

We introduce two definitions of $G$-equivariant partitions of a finite $G$-set, both of which yield $G$-equivariant partition complexes. By considering suitable notions of equivariant trees, we show that $G$-equivariant partitions and…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-02-04 Julia E. Bergner , Peter Bonventre , Maxine E. Calle , David Chan , Maru Sarazola

A transversal in a rooted tree is any set of nodes that meets every path from the root to a leaf. We let c(T,k) denote the number of transversals of size k in a rooted tree T. We define a partial order on the set of all rooted trees with n…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-08-20 Victor Campos , Vasek Chvatal , Luc Devroye , Perouz Taslakian

We characterize quasiconformal mappings in terms of the distortion of the vertices of equilateral triangles.

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2018-06-11 Colleen Ackermann , Peter Haïssinsky , Aimo Hinkkanen

Weak similarities form a special class of mappings between semimetric spaces. Two semimetric spaces $X$ and $Y$ are weakly similar if there exists a weak similarity $\Phi\colon X\to Y$. We find a structural characteristic of finite…

General Topology · Mathematics 2024-12-31 Evgeniy Petrov

Stanley introduced the concept of chromatic symmetric functions of graphs which extends and refines the notion of chromatic polynomials of graphs, and asked whether trees are determined up to isomorphism by their chromatic symmetric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-21 Yuzhenni Wang , Xingxing Yu , Xiao-Dong Zhang

We prove several results showing that every locally finite Borel graph whose large-scale geometry is "tree-like" induces a treeable equivalence relation. In particular, our hypotheses hold if each component of the original graph either has…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-04-02 Ruiyuan Chen , Antoine Poulin , Ran Tao , Anush Tserunyan

Ultrametric trees are trees whose leaves lie at the same distance from the root. They are used to model the genealogy of a population of particles co-existing at the same point in time. We show how the boundary of an ultrametric tree, like…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-02-28 Amaury Lambert

Trees are partial orders in which every element has a linearly ordered set of predecessors. Here we initiate the exploration of the structural theory of trees with the study of different notions of \emph{branching in trees} and of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-18 Valentin Goranko , Ruaan Kellerman , Alberto Zanardo

This paper outlines a method to determine whether two label-regular directed trees, are isomorphic and when they are almost isomorphic. The approach involves reinterpreting label-regular directed trees as universal covers of rooted graphs.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-13 Roman Gorazd

We introduce the notion of a quasicoherent sheaf on a complex noncommutative two-torus $T$ as an ind-object in the category of holomorphic vector bundles on $T$. Extending the results of math.QA/0211262 and math.QA/0308136 we prove that the…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alexander Polishchuk

We call a tree $T$ is \emph{even} if every pair of its leaves is joined by a path of even length. Jackson and Yoshimoto~[J. Graph Theory, 2024] conjectured that every $r$-regular nonbipartite connected graph $G$ has a spanning even tree.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-11 Jiangdong Ai , Zhipeng Gao , Xiangzhou Liu , Jun Yue

Let $G$ be a 3-connected planar graph. Define the co-tree of a spanning tree $T$ of $G$ as the graph induced by the dual edges of $E(G)-E(T)$. The well-known cut-cycle duality implies that the co-tree is itself a tree. Let a $k$-tree be a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Christian Ortlieb , Jens M. Schmidt

This paper demonstrates that every ultrametric space is homeomorphic to a clade space of a pruned tree, i.e., a subspace of a tree's canopy. Furthermore, it characterizes several topological properties of ultrametrizable spaces through the…

General Topology · Mathematics 2024-08-01 Itamar Bellaïche

Three-way dissimilarities are a generalization of (two-way) dissimilarities which can be used to indicate the lack of homogeneity or resemblance between any three objects. Such maps have applications in cluster analysis, and have been used…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-19 Katharina T. Huber , Vincent Moulton , Guillaume E. Scholz

We attempt to shed new light on the notion of 'tree-like' metric spaces by focusing on an approach that does not use the four-point condition. Our key question is: Given metric space $M$ on $n$ points, when does a fully labelled…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-12-08 Momoko Hayamizu , Kenji Fukumizu

We investigate the tractability of a simple fusion of two fundamental structures on graphs, a spanning tree and a perfect matching. Specifically, we consider the following problem: given an edge-weighted graph, find a minimum-weight…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Kristóf Bérczi , Tamás Király , Yusuke Kobayashi , Yutaro Yamaguchi , Yu Yokoi

A famous conjecture of Stanley states that his chromatic symmetric function distinguishes trees. As a quasisymmetric analogue, we conjecture that the chromatic quasisymmetric function of Shareshian and Wachs and of Ellzey distinguishes…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-09 Jean-Christophe Aval , Karimatou Djenabou , Peter R. W. McNamara

There are several good reasons you might want to read about uniform spanning trees, one being that spanning trees are useful combinatorial objects. Not only are they fundamental in algebraic graph theory and combinatorial geometry, but they…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Robin Pemantle