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We investigate the production of magnetic flux from rotating black holes in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and compare it with the upper limit of ultrahigh energy cosmic ray (UHECR) luminosities, calculated from observed integral flux of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-11-04 C. H. Coimbra-Araújo , R. C. Anjos

In this study, we investigate the parameterized Konoplya-Rezzolla-Zhidenko (KRZ) black hole (BH) spacetime in the presence of an external asymptotically uniform magnetic field. We first examine the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO)…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-03 Tursunali Xamidov , Sanjar Shaymatov , Pankaj Sheoran , Bobomurat Ahmedov

Large-scale accretion shocks around massive clusters of galaxies, generically expected in the cold dark matter scenario of cosmological structure formation, are shown to be plausible sources of the observed ultrahigh energy cosmic rays…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-03-10 Susumu Inoue , Guenter Sigl , Francesco Miniati , Eric Armengaud

If supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are the energy sources that power quasars and active galactic nuclei, then QSO SDSS 1148+5251, the quasar with the highest redshift (z_QSO=6.43), hosts a supermassive black hole formed within 0.9 Gyr…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Stuart L. Shapiro

The origin of the ultrahigh-energy (UHE) cosmic rays (CRs) from the second knee ($\sim6\times10^{17}$eV) above in the CR spectrum is still unknown. Recently, there has been growing evidence that a peculiar type of supernovae, called…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-18 Xiang-Yu Wang , Soebur Razzaque , Peter Meszaros , Zi-Gao Dai

We present a well-tested, theoretically supported empirical relation that helps decipher the origins, growth, and properties of SMBHs (supermassive black holes). Based on theoretical considerations and analysis of mass (MBH) versus age (t)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-03-18 Yash Aggarwal

Black holes (BH), one of the most intriguing objects in the universe, can manifest themselves through electromagnetic radiation initiated by the accretion flow. Some stellar-mass BHs drive relativistic jets when accreting matter from their…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-01 The LHAASO Collaboration , Zhen Cao , Felix Aharonian , Yun-Xiang Bai , Yi-Wei Bao , Denis Bastieri , Xiao-Jun Bi , Yu-Jiang Bi , Wen-Yi Bian , Anatoly V Bukevich , Chengmiao Cai , Wen-Yu Cao , Zhe Cao , Jin Chang , Jin-Fan Chang , Aming Chen , En-Sheng Chen , Guohai Chen , Hua-Xi Chen , Liang Chen , Long Chen , Ming-Jun Chen , Ma-Li Chen , Qi-Hui Chen , Shi Chen , Su-Hong Chen , Song-Zhan Chen , Tian-Lu Chen , Xiao-Bin Chen , Xuejian Chen , Yang Chen , Ning Cheng , Yao-Dong Cheng , Ming Chung Chu , Ming-Yang Cui , Shu-Wang Cui , Xiao-Hong Cui , Yi-Dong Cui , Ben-Zhong Dai , Hong-Liang Dai , Zigao Dai , Danzeng Luobu , Yang-Xuan Diao , Xu-Qiang Dong , Kai-Kai Duan , Jun-Hui Fan , Yi-Zhong Fan , Jun Fang , Jian-Hua Fang , Kun Fang , Cun-feng Feng , Hua Feng , Li Feng , Shaohui Feng , Xiao-ting Feng , Yi Feng , You-liang Feng , Stefano Gabici , Bo Gao , Chuan-dong Gao , Qi Gao , Wei Gao , Wei-kang Gao , Maomao Ge , Ting-Ting Ge , Lisi Geng , Gwenael Giacinti , Guanghua Gong , Quanbu Gou , Min-Hao Gu , Fu-Lai Guo , Jing Guo , Xiao-Lei Guo , Yi-Qing Guo , Ying-Ying Guo , Yi-Ang Han , Otto A Hannuksela , Mariam Hasan , Hui-Hai He , Hao-Ning He , Jia-Yin He , Xinyu He , Yu He , Sergio Hernández-Cadena , Bo-Wen Hou , Chao Hou , Xian Hou , Hong-Bo Hu , Shi-Cong Hu , Chen Huang , Dai-Hui Huang , Jiajun Huang , Tian-Qi Huang , Wen-Jun Huang , Xing-Tao Huang , Xiao-Yuan Huang , Yong Huang , Yi-Yun Huang , Xiao-Lu Ji , Huan-Yu Jia , Kang Jia , Hou-Bing Jiang , Kun Jiang , Xiao-Wei Jiang , Ze-Jun Jiang , Min Jin , Samy Kaci , Ming-Ming Kang , Ivan Karpikov , Dmitry Khangulyan , Denis Kuleshov , Kirill Kurinov , Bing-Bing Li , Cheng Li , Cong Li , Dan Li , Fei Li , Haibo Li , Huicai Li , Jian Li , Jie Li , Kai Li , Long Li , Rong-Lan Li , Si-Da Li , Tian-Yang Li , Wen-Lian Li , Xiu-Rong Li , Xin Li , Yuan Li , Yizhuo Li , Zhe Li , Zhuo Li , En-Wei Liang , Yun-Feng Liang , Su-Jie Lin , Bing Liu , Cheng Liu , Dong Liu , Dang-Bo Liu , Hu Liu , Hai-Dong Liu , Jia Liu , Jia-Li Liu , Ji-Ren Liu , Mao-Yuan Liu , Ruo-Yu Liu , Si-Ming Liu , Wei Liu , X Liu , Yi Liu , Yu Liu , Yi-Nong Liu , Yu-Qing Lou , Qing Luo , Yu Luo , Hong-Kui Lv , Bo-Qiang Ma , Ling-Ling Ma , Xin-Hua Ma , Ji-Rong Mao , Zhen Min , Warit Mitthumsiri , Guo-Bin Mou , Hui-Jun Mu , Andrii Neronov , Kenny Chun Yu NG , Ming-Yang Ni , Lin Nie , Le-Jian Ou , Petchara Pattarakijwanich , Zhi-Yuan Pei , Jin-Can Qi , Meng-Yao Qi , Jia-Jun Qin , Ali Raza , Chong-Yang Ren , David Ruffolo , Alejandro Sáiz , Dmitri Semikoz , Lang Shao , Oleg Shchegolev , Yun-Zhi Shen , Xiang-Dong Sheng , Zhaodong Shi , Fu-Wen Shu , Hui-Chao Song , Yuri V Stenkin , Vladimir Stepanov , Yang Su , Dongxu Sun , Hao Sun , Qinning Sun , Xiaona Sun , Zhibin Sun , Nabeel Hussain Tabasam , Jumpei Takata , Pak Hin Thomas Tam , Hong-Bin Tan , Qingwen Tang , Ruiyi Tang , Zebo Tang , Wenwu Tian , Chaonan Tong , Li-Hong Wan , Chao Wang , Guangwei Wang , Hongguang Wang , Jiancheng Wang , Ke Wang , Kai Wang , Liping Wang , Lingyu Wang , Lu-Yao Wang , Ran Wang , Wei Wang , Xianggao Wang , Xin-Jian Wang , Xiang-Yu Wang , Yang Wang , Yu-Dong Wang , Zhong-Hai Wang , Zhong-Xiang Wang , Zheng Wang , Da-Ming Wei , Jun-Jie Wei , Yong-Jian Wei , Tao Wen , Shan-Shan Weng , Chao-Yong Wu , Han-Rong Wu , Qing-Wen Wu , Sha Wu , Xue-Feng Wu , Yu-Sheng Wu , Shao-qiang Xi , Jie Xia , Jun-Ji Xia , Guang-man Xiang , Di-xuan Xiao , Gang Xiao , Yu-liang Xin , Yi Xing , Ding-rong Xiong , Zeng Xiong , Dong-lian Xu , Reng-Feng Xu , Ren-Xin Xu , Wei-Li Xu , Liang Xue , Da-Hai Yan , Jing-Zhi Yan , Tian Yan , Chao-Wen Yang , Chu-Yuan Yang , Feng-Fan Yang , Li-Li Yang , Ming-Jie Yang , Rui-Zhi Yang , Wen-Xin Yang , Zihang Yang , Zhi-Guo Yao , Xuan-Ang Ye , Li-Qiao Yin , Na Yin , Xiao-Hao You , Zhi-Yong You , Yan-Hong Yu , Qiang Yuan , Hua Yue , Hou-Dun Zeng , Ting-Xuan Zeng , Wei Zeng , Xiangtao Zeng , Min Zha , Bin-Bin Zhang , Bing Theodore Zhang , Chao Zhang , Feng Zhang , Hong-Fei Zhang , Hai-Ming Zhang , Heng-Ying Zhang , Jian-Li Zhang , Li Zhang , Peng-Fei Zhang , Pei-Pei Zhang , Rui Zhang , Shao-Ru Zhang , Shou-Shan Zhang , Weiyan Zhang , Xiao Zhang , Xiao-Peng Zhang , Yi Zhang , Yong Zhang , Zhi-Peng Zhang , Jing Zhao , Lei Zhao , Li-Zhi Zhao , Shi-Ping Zhao , Xiao-Hong Zhao , Zihao Zhao , Fu Zheng , Wen-Juan Zhong , Bin Zhou , Hao Zhou , Jia-Neng Zhou , Meng Zhou , Ping Zhou , Rong Zhou , Xiao-Xi Zhou , Xun-Xiu Zhou , Ben-Yang Zhu , Cheng-Guang Zhu , Feng-Rong Zhu , Hui Zhu , Ke-Jun Zhu , Yuan-Chuan Zou , Xiong Zuo

Rapidly-spinning magnetars can potentially form by the accretion induced collapse of a white dwarf or by neutron star mergers if the equation of state of nuclear density matter is such that two low mass neutron stars can sometimes form a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-08-03 Anthony L. Piro , Juna A. Kollmeier

We study the prompt phase of low-luminosity Gamma-Ray Bursts (ll-GRBs) as potential source of very-high-energy (VHE) gamma rays and Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs). Within the internal shock model we choose parameters for the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-03-28 Annika Rudolph , Željka Bošnjak , Andrea Palladino , Iftach Sadeh , Walter Winter

The Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi LAT) collaboration has recently reported on 50 months of measurements of the isotropic Extragalactic Gamma Ray Background (EGRB) spectrum between $100\mbox{MeV}$ and $820\mbox{GeV}$. Ultrahigh Energy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-05-25 Eyal Gavish , David Eichler

For almost four decades, since the discovery of quasars, mounting observational evidence has accumulated that black holes indeed exist in nature. In this paper, I present a theoretical and numerical (Monte Carlo) fully relativistic 4-D…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Reva Kay Williams

Some general features of cosmic ray acceleration are summarized along with some inferences that can be drawn concerning the origin of the UHE component. The UHE luminosity density is found to be similar to that derived for GeV cosmic rays…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-12-03 R. D. Blandford

Recent studies suggest that the most energetic cosmic rays, exceeding 100 EeV, may primarily consist of $r$-process nuclei. This highlights binary neutron star mergers and collapsars as promising sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-06-24 Gang Guo , Yong-Zhong Qian , Meng-Ru Wu

We present an investigation of the propagation of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) in extragalactic magnetic field (EGMF). We use the IRAS PSCz catalogue in order to reconstruct EGMF taking into account power-law dependence between…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrii Elyiv

Jets of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are established emitters of very high energy (VHE; >100 GeV) gamma-rays. VHE radiation is also expected to be emitted from the vicinity of super-massive black holes (SMBH), irrespective of their activity…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-13 G. Pedaletti , S. Wagner , W. Benbow

First, we verify that the physical parameters estimated for the four directly detected gravitational wave (GW) events involving coalescence of binary black holes (BHs) indeed uphold the second law of BH thermodynamics, strengthening further…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-02-08 Patrick Das Gupta , Fazlu Rahman

Theoretical and numerical (Monte Carlo) N-particle computer model simulations show that Penrose Compton scattering (PCS) near the event horizon and Penrose pair production (PPP) at or near the photon orbit, in the ergosphere of a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Reva Kay Williams

The energy losses and spectra of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) are calculated for protons as primary particles. The attention is given to the energy losses due to electron-positron production in collisions with the microwave 2.73 K…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 V. Berezinsky , A. Z. Gazizov , S. I. Grigorieva

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are one of the most appealing dark matter candidates over a wide range of masses and abundances. This broad parameter space has been constrained by a variety of observational probes. In this work, for the first…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-14 Mainak Mukhopadhyay , Joaquim Iguaz Juan

In the present paper we investigate the production of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) from Seyferts. We discuss the UHECR luminosities obtained by two possible engine trigger models: pure radiative transfer and the energy extraction…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-03-12 R. C. Anjos , C. H. Coimbra-Araujo