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The determination of the speed of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) is usually done by tracking brighter features (such as the CME front and core) in visible light coronagraphic images and by deriving unidimensional profiles of the CME speed as…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-31 Beili Ying , Alessandro Bemporad , Silvio Giordano , Paolo Pagano , Li Feng , Lei Lu , Hui Li , Weiqun Gan

Our aim is to investigate the possible physical association between consecutive coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Through a statistical study of the main characteristics of 27761 CMEs observed by SOHO/LASCO during the past 20 years. We found…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-18 Alejandro Lara. Nat Gopalswamy , Tatiana Niembro , Román Pérez-Enríquez , Seiji Yashiro

Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) influence the interplanetary environment over vast distances in the solar system by injecting huge clouds of fast solar plasma and energetic particles (SEPs). A number of fundamental questions remain about how…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-01 Oleg Stepanyuk , Kamen Kozarev , Mohamed Nedal

A sample of isolated Earth-impacting ICMEs that occurred in the period January 2008 to August 2014 is analysed in order to study in detail the ICME in situ signatures with respect to the type of filament eruption related to the…

The objective of this investigation was to first examine the kinematics of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) using EUV and coronagraph images, and then to make a comparison with theoretical models in the hope to identify the driving mechanisms…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Chia-Hsien Lin , Peter T. Gallagher , Claire L. Raftery

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are major drivers of geomagnetic storms, which may cause severe space weather effects. Automating the detection, tracking, and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of CMEs is important for operational…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-06 Jiahui Shan , Huapeng Zhang , Lei Lu , Yan Zhang , Li Feng , Yunyi Ge , Jianchao Xue , Shuting Li

We investigate the onsets of three consecutive coronal mass ejection (CME) eruptions in 12 hours from a large bipolar active region (AR) observed by SDO, STEREO, RHESSI, and GOES. Evidently, the AR initially had a triple-decker…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-30 Navin Chandra Joshi , Alphonse C. Sterling , Ronald L. Moore , Bhuwan Joshi

The expanding magnetic flux in coronal mass ejections (CMEs) often forms a cavity. A spherical model is simultaneously fit to STEREO EUVI and COR1 data of an impulsively accelerated CME on 25 March 2008, which displays a well-defined…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 S. Patsourakos , A. Vourlidas , B. Kliem

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) have become one of the key indicators of solar activity, especially in terms of the consequences of the transient events in the heliosphere. Although CMEs are closely related to the sunspot number (SSN), they…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-30 Nat Gopalswamy

We compare estimates of the speed and width of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in several catalogs for the CMEs associated with ~200 solar energetic particle (SEP) events in 2006-2013 that included 25 MeV protons. The catalogs used are: CDAW,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-13 Ian G. Richardson , Tycho T. von Rosenvinge , Hilary V. Cane

Context: On 26-27 January 2020, the wide-field imager WISPR on Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observed a coronal mass ejection (CME) from a distance of approximately 30 solar radii as it passed through the instrument's 95 degree field-of-view,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-02 P. C. Liewer , J. Qiu , A. Vourlidas , J. R. Hall , P. Penteado

We intend to provide a comprehensive answer to the question on whether all Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) have flux rope structure. To achieve this, we present a synthesis of the LASCO CME observations over the last sixteen years, assisted…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Angelos Vourlidas , Ben J. Lynch , Russ A. Howard , Yan Li

We present a validation of our recently proposed non-conventional method, Constant Acceleration Accounted Perspective (CAAP), for estimating the instantaneous expansion speed of coronal mass ejection (CMEs), even when only single-point in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-13 Anjali Agarwal , Wageesh Mishra , Mathew J. Owens , Tanja Amerstorfer

This study quantifies how uncertainty in physically meaningful coronal mass ejection (CME) and solar-wind inputs propagates into forecast-relevant diagnostics from eruption to 1 AU. We use a semi-analytic erupting flux rope (EFR) model to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-07 S. Stamkos , S. Patsourakos , A. Vourlidas , E. Paouris

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are eruptive events that cause a solar-type star to shed mass and magnetic flux. CMEs tend to occur together with flares, radio storms, and bursts of energetic particles. On the Sun, CME-related mass loss is…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-24 Steven R. Cranmer

The Sun's atmosphere is frequently disrupted by coronal mass ejections (CMEs), coupled with flares and energetic particles. In the standard picture, the coupling is explained by magnetic reconnection at a vertical current sheet connecting…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-11 Tingyu Gou , Rui Liu , Bernhard Kliem , Yuming Wang , Astrid M. Veronig

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are large-scale explosions of the coronal magnetic field. It is believed that magnetic reconnection significantly builds up the core structure of CMEs, a magnetic flux rope, during the eruption. However, the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-24 C. Xing , X. Cheng , M. D. Ding

Understanding the evolution of radial sizes and instantaneous expansion speeds of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is crucial for assessing their impact duration on Earth's environment. We introduce a non-conventional approach to derive the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-30 Anjali Agarwal , Wageesh Mishra

We analyze the detection capability of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) for all currently operating coronagraphs in space. We define as CMEs events that propagate beyond 10 solar radii with morphologies broadly consistent with a magnetic flux…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-11 Angelos Vourlidas , L. A. Balmaceda , H. Xie , O. C. St. Cyr

As a follow-up study on Sun-to-Earth propagation of fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs), we examine the Sun-to-Earth characteristics of slow CMEs combining heliospheric imaging and in situ observations. Three events of particular interest,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-23 Ying D. Liu , Huidong Hu , Chi Wang , Janet G. Luhmann , John D. Richardson , Zhongwei Yang , Rui Wang