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We present a uniform assessment of existing near-infrared Spitzer Space Telescope observations of planet-bearing stars. Using a simple four-parameter blackbody thermal model, we analyze stars for which photometry in at least one of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-11 Arthur D. Adams , Gregory Laughlin

Observations of ultra-hot Jupiters offer an unprecedented opportunity to study the physics of some of the most extreme planetary atmospheres known. With exceedingly high amounts of irradiation blasting their upper atmospheres, ultra-hot…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-04 Stefan Pelletier , Daniel Kitzmann , Valentina Vaulato , Ana Rita Costa Silva , Michal Steiner , David Ehrenreich

Measurements of the atmospheric carbon (C) and oxygen (O) relative to hydrogen (H) in hot Jupiters (relative to their host stars) provide insight into their formation location and subsequent orbital migration. Hot Jupiters that form beyond…

Several short-period Jupiter-mass planets have been discovered around nearby solar-type stars. During the circularization of their orbits, the dissipation of tidal disturbance by their host stars heats the interior and inflates the sizes of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Pin-Gao Gu , Peter H. Bodenheimer , Douglas N. C. Lin

Motivated by recent spectroscopic evidence for carbon-rich atmospheres on some transiting exoplanets, we investigate the influence of the C/O ratio on the chemistry, composition, and spectra of extrasolar giant planets both from a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 J. I. Moses , N. Madhusudhan , C. Visscher , R. S. Freedman

Recent work by Sromovsky et al. (2017, Icarus 291, 232-244) suggested that all red colour in Jupiter's atmosphere could be explained by a single colour-carrying compound, a so-called 'universal chromophore'. We tested this hypothesis on…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-13 Ashwin S. Braude , Patrick G. J. Irwin , Glenn S. Orton , Leigh N. Fletcher

Observations of exoplanets over the last two decades have revealed a new class of Jupiter-size planets with orbital periods of a few days, the so-called "hot Jupiters". Recent measurements using the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect have shown…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Jean Teyssandier , Smadar Naoz , Ian M. Lizarraga , Frederic A. Rasio

[Abridged] Aims. We present a large atmospheric study of 49 gas giant exoplanets using infrared transmission photometry with Spitzer/IRAC at 3.6 and 4.5um. Methods. We uniformly analyze 70 photometric light curves of 33 transiting planets…

The field of exoplanet atmospheric characterization is trending towards comparative studies involving many planetary systems, and using Bayesian hierarchical modelling is a natural next step. Here we demonstrate two use cases. We first use…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-20 Dylan Keating , Nicolas B. Cowan

Hot Jupiters are giant Jupiter-like exoplanets that orbit 100x closer to their host stars than Jupiter does to the Sun. These planets presumably form in the outer part of the primordial disc from which both the central star and surrounding…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-21 JF Donati , C Moutou , L Malo , C Baruteau , L Yu , E Hebrard , G Hussain , S Alencar , F Menard , J Bouvier , P Petit , M Takami , R Doyon , A Collier Cameron

We report 78 secondary eclipse depths for a sample of 36 transiting hot Jupiters observed at 3.6- and 4.5 microns using the Spitzer Space Telescope. Our eclipse results for 27 of these planets are new, and include highly irradiated worlds…

Previous generation of instruments have the opportunity to discover thousands of extra-solar planets and more will come with the current and future planet-search missions. In order to go one step further in the characterization of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-03 Vikash Singh , G. Scandariato , I. Pagano

High-resolution spectroscopy has provided a wealth of information about the climate and composition of ultra-hot Jupiters. However, the 3D structure of their atmospheres makes observations more challenging to interpret, necessitating 3D…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-28 Joost P. Wardenier , Vivien Parmentier , Elspeth K. H. Lee , Michael R. Line

We use a population synthesis model that includes pebbles and gas accretion, planetary migration, and a simplified chemistry scheme to study the formation of hot-Jupiters. Models have been proposed that these planets can either originate…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-22 Mohamad Ali-Dib

We present the analysis of a spectroscopic secondary eclipse of the hottest transiting exoplanet detected to date, KELT-9b, obtained with the Wide Field Camera 3 aboard the Hubble Space Telescope. We complement these data with literature…

The population of ultra-hot Jupiters (UHJs) provide unique opportunities to probe the extreme formation and evolutionary pathways in exoplanets. Owing to their very high temperatures and inflated atmospheres, UHJs are among the most…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-14 Suman Saha , James S. Jenkins

Over a large range of equilibrium temperatures, clouds shape the transmission spectrum of hot Jupiter atmospheres, yet their composition remains unknown. Recent observations show that the Kepler lightcurves of some hot Jupiters are…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-31 Vivien Parmentier , Jonathan J. Fortney , Adam P. Showman , Caroline V. Morley , Mark S. Marley

The discovery of hot Jupiters that orbit very close to their host stars has long challenged traditional models of planetary formation and migration. Characterising their atmospheric composition - mainly in the form of the carbon-to-oxygen…

The radii of hot Jupiters are still not fully understood and all of the proposed explanations are based on the idea that these close-in giant planets possess hot interiors. We approach the radius anomaly problem by adopting a statistical…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-20 Paula Sarkis , Christoph Mordasini , Thomas Henning , Gabriel D. Marleau , Paul Mollière

We present three-dimensional atmospheric circulation models of a hypothetical "warm Jupiter" planet, for a range of possible obliquities from 0-90 degrees. We model a Jupiter-mass planet on a 10-day orbit around a Sun-like star, since this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-13 Emily Rauscher