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Deep generative models learn a mapping from a low dimensional latent space to a high-dimensional data space. Under certain regularity conditions, these models parameterize nonlinear manifolds in the data space. In this paper, we investigate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-23 Hang Shao , Abhishek Kumar , P. Thomas Fletcher

Function approximation based on data drawn randomly from an unknown distribution is an important problem in machine learning. The manifold hypothesis assumes that the data is sampled from an unknown submanifold of a high dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 H. N. Mhaskar , Ryan O'Dowd

Neural models learn representations of high-dimensional data on low-dimensional manifolds. Multiple factors, including stochasticities in the training process, model architectures, and additional inductive biases, may induce different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Hanlin Yu , Berfin Inal , Georgios Arvanitidis , Soren Hauberg , Francesco Locatello , Marco Fumero

Regressing rotations on SO(3) manifold using deep neural networks is an important yet unsolved problem. The gap between the Euclidean network output space and the non-Euclidean SO(3) manifold imposes a severe challenge for neural network…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Jiayi Chen , Yingda Yin , Tolga Birdal , Baoquan Chen , Leonidas Guibas , He Wang

spectral-based subspace learning is a common data preprocessing step in many machine learning pipelines. The main aim is to learn a meaningful low dimensional embedding of the data. However, most subspace learning methods do not take into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Firas Laakom , Jenni Raitoharju , Nikolaos Passalis , Alexandros Iosifidis , Moncef Gabbouj

Our paper deals with a collection of networks on a common set of nodes, where some of the networks are associated with responses. Assuming that the networks correspond to points on a one-dimensional manifold in a higher dimensional ambient…

Manifold learning-based encoders have been playing important roles in nonlinear dimensionality reduction (NLDR) for data exploration. However, existing methods can often fail to preserve geometric, topological and/or distributional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Stan Z. Li , Zelin Zang , Lirong Wu

The goal of this thesis is to improve our understanding of the internal mechanisms by which deep artificial neural networks create meaningful representations and are able to generalize. We focus on the challenge of characterizing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Diego Doimo

An increasing array of biomedical and computer vision applications requires the predictive modeling of complex data, for example images and shapes. The main challenge when predicting such objects lies in the fact that they do not comply to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-02-17 Dimosthenis Tsagkrasoulis , Giovanni Montana

In the machine learning field, dimensionality reduction is an important task. It mitigates the undesired properties of high-dimensional spaces to facilitate classification, compression, and visualization of high-dimensional data. During the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Mohammed Elhenawy , Mahmoud Masoud , Sebastian Glaser , Andry Rakotonirainy

Autoencoding is a popular method in representation learning. Conventional autoencoders employ symmetric encoding-decoding procedures and a simple Euclidean latent space to detect hidden low-dimensional structures in an unsupervised way.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Stefan C. Schonsheck , Scott Mahan , Timo Klock , Alexander Cloninger , Rongjie Lai

Given data, deep generative models, such as variational autoencoders (VAE) and generative adversarial networks (GAN), train a lower dimensional latent representation of the data space. The linear Euclidean geometry of data space pulls back…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Line Kuhnel , Tom Fletcher , Sarang Joshi , Stefan Sommer

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have emerged as a powerful unsupervised method to model the statistical patterns of real-world data sets, such as natural images. These networks are trained to map random inputs in their latent space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Binxu Wang , Carlos R. Ponce

Manifold learning builds on the "manifold hypothesis," which posits that data in high-dimensional datasets are drawn from lower-dimensional manifolds. Current tools generate global embeddings of data, rather than the local maps used to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Serena Hughes , Timothy Hamilton , Tom Kolokotrones , Eric J. Deeds

Natural data observed in $\mathbb{R}^n$ is often constrained to an $m$-dimensional manifold $\mathcal{M}$, where $m < n$. This work focuses on the task of building theoretically principled generative models for such data. Current generative…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-25 Brendan Leigh Ross , Gabriel Loaiza-Ganem , Anthony L. Caterini , Jesse C. Cresswell

Unsupervised attributed graph representation learning is challenging since both structural and feature information are required to be represented in the latent space. Existing methods concentrate on learning latent representation via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Zelin Zang , Siyuan Li , Di Wu , Jianzhu Guo , Yongjie Xu , Stan Z. Li

Supervised manifold learning methods for data classification map data samples residing in a high-dimensional ambient space to a lower-dimensional domain in a structure-preserving way, while enhancing the separation between different classes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-20 Elif Vural , Christine Guillemot

High-dimensional data analysis has been an active area, and the main focuses have been variable selection and dimension reduction. In practice, it occurs often that the variables are located on an unknown, lower-dimensional nonlinear…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-07-31 Ming-Yen Cheng , Hau-tieng Wu

The vanishing gradient problem was a major obstacle for the success of deep learning. In recent years it was gradually alleviated through multiple different techniques. However the problem was not really overcome in a fundamental way, since…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-08 Thomas Kurbiel , Shahrzad Khaleghian

Separating high-dimensional data like images into independent latent factors, i.e independent component analysis (ICA), remains an open research problem. As we show, existing probabilistic deep generative models (DGMs), which are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-01 Alexander Camuto , Matthew Willetts , Brooks Paige , Chris Holmes , Stephen Roberts