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The ability to learn different tasks sequentially is essential to the development of artificial intelligence. In general, neural networks lack this capability, the major obstacle being catastrophic forgetting. It occurs when the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Kaustubh Olpadkar , Ekta Gavas

We propose a novel framework and a solution to tackle the continual learning (CL) problem with changing network architectures. Most CL methods focus on adapting a single architecture to a new task/class by modifying its weights. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Divyam Madaan , Hongxu Yin , Wonmin Byeon , Jan Kautz , Pavlo Molchanov

Continual learning is the problem of learning new tasks or knowledge while protecting old knowledge and ideally generalizing from old experience to learn new tasks faster. Neural networks trained by stochastic gradient descent often degrade…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-27 David Rolnick , Arun Ahuja , Jonathan Schwarz , Timothy P. Lillicrap , Greg Wayne

We investigate the replay buffer in rehearsal-based approaches for graph continual learning (GCL) methods. Existing rehearsal-based GCL methods select the most representative nodes for each class and store them in a replay buffer for later…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Seungyoon Choi , Wonjoong Kim , Sungwon Kim , Yeonjun In , Sein Kim , Chanyoung Park

In Continual Learning, a Neural Network is trained on a stream of data whose distribution shifts over time. Under these assumptions, it is especially challenging to improve on classes appearing later in the stream while remaining accurate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Pietro Buzzega , Matteo Boschini , Angelo Porrello , Simone Calderara

Online continual learning (OCL) aims to train neural networks incrementally from a non-stationary data stream with a single pass through data. Rehearsal-based methods attempt to approximate the observed input distributions over time with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Yaqian Zhang , Bernhard Pfahringer , Eibe Frank , Albert Bifet , Nick Jin Sean Lim , Yunzhe Jia

A common challenge in continual learning (CL) is catastrophic forgetting, where the performance on old tasks drops after new, additional tasks are learned. In this paper, we propose a novel framework called ReCL to slow down forgetting in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Pascal Janetzky , Tobias Schlagenhauf , Stefan Feuerriegel

Continual learning (CL) presents a fundamental challenge in training neural networks on sequential tasks without experiencing catastrophic forgetting. Traditionally, the dominant approach in CL has been gradient-based optimization, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Grzegorz Rypeść

Deep learning has arguably achieved tremendous success in recent years. In simple words, deep learning uses the composition of many nonlinear functions to model the complex dependency between input features and labels. While neural networks…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-16 Jianqing Fan , Cong Ma , Yiqiao Zhong

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved great success in representing data with dependencies by recursively propagating and aggregating messages along the edges. However, edges in real-world graphs often have varying degrees of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Zheng Zhang , Junxiang Wang , Liang Zhao

Learning continuously during all model lifetime is fundamental to deploy machine learning solutions robust to drifts in the data distribution. Advances in Continual Learning (CL) with recurrent neural networks could pave the way to a large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Andrea Cossu , Antonio Carta , Vincenzo Lomonaco , Davide Bacciu

Continual learning (CL) over non-stationary data streams remains one of the long-standing challenges in deep neural networks (DNNs) as they are prone to catastrophic forgetting. CL models can benefit from self-supervised pre-training as it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Prashant Bhat , Bahram Zonooz , Elahe Arani

While deep learning has achieved remarkable results on various applications, it is usually data hungry and struggles to learn over non-stationary data stream. To solve these two limits, the deep learning model should not only be able to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Canyu Le , Xihan Wei , Biao Wang , Lei Zhang , Zhonggui Chen

Learning a sequence of tasks without access to i.i.d. observations is a widely studied form of continual learning (CL) that remains challenging. In principle, Bayesian learning directly applies to this setting, since recursive and one-off…

Biological agents are known to learn many different tasks over the course of their lives, and to be able to revisit previous tasks and behaviors with little to no loss in performance. In contrast, artificial agents are prone to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Ta-Chu Kao , Kristopher T. Jensen , Gido M. van de Ven , Alberto Bernacchia , Guillaume Hennequin

Oversmoothing is a common phenomenon observed in graph neural networks (GNNs), in which an increase in the network depth leads to a deterioration in their performance. Graph contrastive learning (GCL) is emerging as a promising way of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Jintang Li , Wangbin Sun , Ruofan Wu , Yuchang Zhu , Liang Chen , Zibin Zheng

Continual learning of deep neural networks is a key requirement for scaling them up to more complex applicative scenarios and for achieving real lifelong learning of these architectures. Previous approaches to the problem have considered…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Jary Pomponi , Simone Scardapane , Vincenzo Lomonaco , Aurelio Uncini

Deep neural networks suffer from catastrophic forgetting, where performance on previous tasks degrades after training on a new task. This issue arises due to the model's tendency to overwrite previously acquired knowledge with new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Lama Alssum , Hasan Abed Al Kader Hammoud , Motasem Alfarra , Juan C Leon Alcazar , Bernard Ghanem

Continual learning (CL) is concerned with learning multiple tasks sequentially without forgetting previously learned tasks. Despite substantial empirical advances over recent years, the theoretical development of CL remains in its infancy.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Liangzu Peng , Uday Kiran Reddy Tadipatri , Ziqing Xu , Eric Eaton , René Vidal

In-context learning (ICL) has shown impressive results in few-shot learning tasks, yet its underlying mechanism is still not fully understood. A recent line of work suggests that ICL performs gradient descent (GD)-based optimization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Gilad Deutch , Nadav Magar , Tomer Bar Natan , Guy Dar