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Quantum tomography is a fundamental technique for characterizing, benchmarking, and verifying quantum states and devices. It plays a crucial role in advancing quantum technologies and deepening our understanding of quantum mechanics.…

Gaussian states and measurements collectively are not powerful-enough resources for quantum computing, as any Gaussian dynamics can be simulated efficiently, classically. However, it is known that any one non-Gaussian resource -- either a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-17 Christos N. Gagatsos , Saikat Guha

Fast and precise characterization of Gaussian states is crucial for their effective use in quantum technologies. In this work, we apply a multi-parameter moment-based estimation method that enables rapid and accurate determination of…

Quantum state tomography, aimed at deriving a classical description of an unknown state from measurement data, is a fundamental task in quantum physics. In this work, we analyse the ultimate achievable performance of tomography of…

We present a compressive quantum process tomography scheme that fully characterizes any rank-deficient completely-positive process with no a priori information about the process apart from the dimension of the system on which the process…

Multimode Gaussian quantum light, which includes multimode squeezed and multipartite quadrature entangled light, is a very general and powerful quantum resource with promising applications in quantum information processing and metrology. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-30 Olivier Pinel , Julien Fade , Daniel Braun , Pu Jian , Nicolas Treps , Claude Fabre

Quantum state tomography, a fundamental tool for quantum physics, usually requires a number of state copies that scale exponentially with the system size, owing to the intricate quantum correlations between subsystems. We show that, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-22 Xiaobin Zhao , Pengcheng Liao , Francesco Anna Mele , Ulysse Chabaud , Quntao Zhuang

We present two scalable and entanglement-free methods for estimating the collective state of an n-qubit quantum computer. The first method consists of a fixed set of five quantum circuits-regardless of the number of qubits-that avoid the…

Number-resolving photo-detection is necessary for many quantum optics experiments, especially in the application of entangled state preparation. Several schemes have been proposed for approximating number-resolving photo-detection using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-05-19 Peter P. Rohde , James G. Webb , Elanor H. Huntington , Timothy C. Ralph

Quantum state tomography is an indispensable but costly part of many quantum experiments. Typically, it requires measurements to be carried in a number of different settings on a fixed experimental setup. The collected data is often…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-13 Jun Li , Shilin Huang , Zhihuang Luo , Keren Li , Dawei Lu , Bei Zeng

Quantum fidelity is a measure to quantify the closeness of two quantum states. In an operational sense, it is defined as the minimal overlap between the probability distributions of measurement outcomes and the minimum is taken over all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 Changhun Oh , Changhyoup Lee , Leonardo Banchi , Su-Yong Lee , Carsten Rockstuhl , Hyunseok Jeong

We address precision of optical interferometers fed by Gaussian states and involving passive and/or active elements, such as beam splitters, photodetectors and optical parametric amplifiers. We first address the ultimate bounds to precision…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-23 Carlo Sparaciari , Stefano Olivares , Matteo G. A. Paris

Gaussian boson sampling (GBS) is a model of nonuniversal quantum computation that claims to demonstrate quantum supremacy with current technologies. This model entails sampling photocounting events from a multimode Gaussian state at the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-22 I. S. Yeremenko , M. A. Dmytruk , A. A. Semenov

Learning faithful representations of quantum states is crucial to fully characterizing the variety of many-body states created on quantum processors. While various tomographic methods such as classical shadow and MPS tomography have shown…

Multimode multiphoton states are at the center of many photonic quantum technologies, from photonic quantum computing to quantum sensing. In this work, we derive a procedure to generate exactly, and with a predictable number of steps, any…

Quantum illumination with asymmetric strategy is examined by making use of the three-mode maximally entangled Gaussian state, which involves one signal and two idler beams. It is shown that this scenario gives less-error probability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-18 Mi-Ra Hwang , DaeKil Park

Gaussian quantum channels constitute a cornerstone of continuous-variable quantum information science, underpinning a wide array of protocols in quantum optics and quantum metrology. While the action of such channels on arbitrary states is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Pritam Chattopadhyay , Saikat Sur , Jonas F. G. Santos

Gaussian bipartite states are basic tools for the realization of quantum information protocols with continuous variables. Their complete characterization is obtained by the reconstruction of the corresponding covariance matrix. Here we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-27 D. Buono , G. Nocerino , V. D'Auria , A. Porzio , S. Olivares , M. G. A. Paris

A long-standing problem in quantum physics is to determine the minimal number of measurement bases required for the complete characterization of unknown quantum states, a question of particular relevance to high-dimensional quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-12 Tianqi Xiao , Yaxin Wang , Ying Xia , Zhihao Li , Xiaoqi Zhou

A famously hard graph problem with a broad range of applications is computing the number of perfect matchings, that is the number of unique and complete pairings of the vertices of a graph. We propose a method to estimate the number of…