Related papers: Validated two-dimensional modeling of short carbon…
Analytical model for impedance of oxygen transport in the gas--diffusion layer (GDL) and cathode channel of a PEM fuel cell is developed. The model is based on transient oxygen mass conservation equations coupled to the proton current…
Understanding electrochemical phenomena at complex liquid solid interfaces requires linking real time structural dynamics with atomic scale interfacial chemistry. Here, we integrate operando synchrotron X-ray fluorescence and diffraction…
We perform extensive 2D Particle-In-Cell (PIC) electromagnetic simulations of low pressure Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) discharges with various coil current and driving frequencies. Our simulations show that in low-frequency cases,…
Generation of anomalously energetic suprathermal electrons was observed in simulation of a high- voltage dc discharge with electron emission from the cathode. An electron beam produced by the emission interacts with the nonuniform plasma in…
The form of a sheath near a small electrode, with bias changing from below to above the plasma potential is studied using 2D particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. Five cases are studied: (A) an electrode biased more than the electron…
Understanding the behaviour of the confined fast ions is important in both current and future fusion experiments. These ions play a key role in heating the plasma and will be crucial for achieving conditions for burning plasma in next-step…
Electron transpiration cooling (ETC) can reduce aerothermal loads on sharp hypersonic leading edges, but its performance is governed by whether thermionically emitted electrons escape the hot surface or return as cathode-directed backflow.…
We present a method for including steady-state gas flows in the plasma physics code Cloudy, which was previously restricted to modeling static configurations. The numerical algorithms are described in detail, together with an example…
Graphite ablation in a presence of inert background gas is widely used in different methods for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes, including electric arc and laser/solar ablation. The ablation rate is an important characteristic of the…
Electron acceleration to non-thermal energies is known to occur in low Mach number (M<5) shocks in galaxy clusters and solar flares, but the electron acceleration mechanism remains poorly understood. Using two-dimensional (2D)…
Plasmas generated using energetic electron beams are well known for their low electron temperature ($T_{e}$) and plasma potential, which makes them attractive for atomic-precision plasma processing applications such as atomic layer etch and…
When a laser field is incident on an overdense plasma it is unable to penetrate inside it. Nevertheless, a part of its energy gets transferred to the electrons through a variety of mechanisms (e.g. vacuum and $\vec{J}\times \vec{B}) heating…
Diocotron instability has been observed in the pure electron plasma formed in a split cathode coaxial diode. This plasma consists of electrons, trapped in the longitudinal potential well between the two parts of the cathode. The…
The effect of changing the driving frequency on the plasma density and the electron dynamics in a capacitive radio-frequency argon plasma operated at low pressures of a few Pa is investigated by Particle in Cell/Monte Carlo Collisions…
Non-gravitationally induced condensations are observed in many astrophysical environments. Such structures are formed due to energy loss by optically thin radiative emission. Instead of solving the full radiative transfer equations,…
Here, the synthesis of Molybdenum Disulphide (MoS2) flakes by means of anodic atmospheric arc discharge is reported for the first time. The vertical electrode configuration consisted of a compound anode (hollow graphite anode filled with…
Comsol finite element technique was applied to study heating and cooling of a microspot on the cathode surface. The reasons why there seems to be no common model for vacuum arcs, in spite of the importance of this field and the level of…
Heat conduction in weakly collisional, magnetised plasma is challenging to model accurately due to multifaceted physics governing heat-carrying electrons, including microinstabilities that scatter electrons and modify heat transport.…
We present the results of two-temperature magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the propagation of sub-relativistic jets of active galactic nuclei. The dependence of the electron and ion temperature distributions on the fraction of electron…
An elongated plasma column has been successfully generated and sustained in a linear plasma device using a hollow cathode discharge in the presence of an axisymmetric magnetic field. The confinement of cold energetic electrons produced near…