Related papers: Antisymmetry: Fundamentals and Applications
These five lectures collect elementary facts about 4D supersymmetric theories with emphasis on N=1 supersymmetry, as well as the basic notions of supersymmetric quantum mechanics. Contents: I. From symmetries to supersymmetry; II. Basic…
This essay examines our fundamental conceptions of time, spacetime, the asymmetry of time, and the motion of a quantum mechanical particle. The concept of time has multiple meanings and these are often confused in the literature and must be…
Time reversal symmetry occupies a distinctive role in quantum mechanics, fundamentally requiring an anti-unitary operator to ensure a physically consistent representation. As such, the time reversal operator combines a unitary…
This preprint deals with the symmetry of parametrized families of systems and the changes therein as the parameter changes. There are (at least ?) two kinds of symmetry: generic and specific which behave in almost totally opposite ways as…
The concept of symmetries in physics is briefly reviewed. In the first part of these lecture notes, some of the basic mathematical tools needed for the understanding of symmetries in nature are presented, namely group theory, Lie groups and…
Symmetry is among the most fundamental and powerful concepts in nature, whose existence is usually taken as given, without explanation. We explore whether symmetry can be derived from more fundamental principles from the perspective of…
The classical laws of physics are usually invariant under time reversal. Here, we reveal a novel class of magnetomechanical effects rigorously breaking time-reversal symmetry. The effect is based on the mechanical rotation of a hard magnet…
If a system undergoes symmetric dynamics, then the final state of the system can only break the symmetry in ways in which it was broken by the initial state, and its measure of asymmetry can be no greater than that of the initial state. It…
Symmetry, irreversibility, and quantum coherence are foundational concepts in physics. Here, we present a universal tradeoff relation between these three concepts. This particularly reveals that (1) under a global symmetry, any attempt to…
Recent advances in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics shed new light on the ratchet effect. The ratchet motion can thus be understood in terms of symmetry (breaking) considerations. We introduce an additional symmetry operation besides…
The concepts of symmetry and its breakdown are investigated in two different terms according to whether the resulting asymmetry is universal or only obtained for a special configuration: we shall illustrate this by considering in the first…
Spacetime and internal symmetries can be used to severely restrict the form of the equations for the fundamental laws of physics. The success of this approach in the context of general relativity and particle physics motivates the…
We introduce a special class of bimetric theories of quantized fields with preserved classical energy conditions. More precisely, we describe the missing anti-particles in our visible universe as being trapped in a spacetime patch with…
Symmetry under time-reversal appears in the microscopic description of many physical systems. In a quantum mechanical setting it acts as an anti-unitary operator, so does not fall under general analyses based on unitary symmetries. In…
A core level of basic information for physics is identified, based on an analysis of the characteristics of the parameters space, time, mass and charge. At this level, it is found that certain symmetries operate, which can be used to…
Time reversal ($T$) and space inversion are symmetries of our universe in the low-energy limit. Fundamental theorems relate their corresponding quantum numbers to the spin for elementary particles: $\hat{T}^2=(\hat{P}\hat{T})^2=-1$ for…
High-precision measurements of violations of fundamental symmetries in atoms are a very effective means of testing the standard model of elementary particles and searching for new physics beyond it. Such studies complement measurements at…
Symmetry plays fundamental role in physics and the nature of symmetry changes in non-Hermitian physics. Here the symmetry-protected scattering in non-Hermitian linear systems is investigated by employing the discrete symmetries that…
An asymmetry exists between time and space in the sense that physical systems inevitably evolve over time whereas there is no corresponding ubiquitous translation over space. The asymmetry, which is presumed to be elemental, is represented…
Given a quantum system consisting of many parts, we show that symmetry of the system's state, i.e., invariance under swappings of the subsystems, implies that almost all of its parts are virtually identical and independent of each other.…