Related papers: COVID-19 in air suspensions
[Abridged] Naturally produced droplets from humans (such as those produced by breathing, talking, sneezing, and coughing) include several types of cells (e.g., epithelial cells and cells of the immune system), physiological electrolytes…
The lack of quantitative risk assessment of airborne transmission of COVID-19 under practical settings leads to large uncertainties and inconsistencies in our preventive measures. Combining in situ measurements and numerical simulations, we…
The effect of evaporation on droplet sedimentation times is crucial for estimating the risk of infection from virus-containing airborne droplets. For droplet radii in the range 100 nm < R < 60 {\mu}m, evaporation can be described in the…
Knowing the physicochemical properties of exhaled droplets and aerosol particles is a prerequisite for a detailed mechanistic understanding and effective prevention of the airborne transmission of infectious human diseases. This article…
The spreading of the virus-containing droplets exhaled during respiratory events, e.g., cough, is an issue of paramount importance for the prevention of many infections such as COVID-19. According to the scientific literature, remarkable…
The globally supported social distancing rules to prevent airborne transmission of COVID-19 assume small saliva droplets evaporate fast and large ones, which contain most viral copies, fall fast to the ground. However, during evaporation,…
SARS-CoV-2 survives and remains viable on surfaces for several days under different environments as reported in recent studies. However, it is unclear how the viruses survive for such a long time and why their survivability varies across…
We investigate mucosalivary dispersal and deposition on horizontal surfaces corresponding to human exhalations with physical experiments under still-air conditions. Synthetic fluorescence tagged sprays with size and speed distributions…
We present high-fidelity numerical simulations of expiratory biosol transport during normal breathing under indoor, stagnant air conditions with and without a facial mask. We investigate mask efficacy to suppress the spread of saliva…
Many scientific reports document that asymptomatic and presymptomatic individuals contribute to the spread of COVID-19, probably during conversations in social interactions. Droplet emission occurs during speech, yet few studies document…
A model that predicts the outcome of collisions between droplets and particles in terms of the distribution of the droplet volume post-collision is lacking, in contrast to the case for droplet-droplet interactions. Taking existing models…
We investigate three aspects of aerosol-mediated air-borne viral infection mechanisms on different length and time scales. First, we address the evolution of the size distribution of a non-interacting ensemble of droplets that are subject…
In this paper, we consider $N$ clusters of pairs of particles sedimenting in a viscous fluid. The particles are assumed to be rigid spheres and inertia of both particles and fluid are neglected. The distance between each two particles…
A large number of infectious diseases is transmitted by respiratory droplets. How long these droplets persist in the air, how far they can travel, and how long the pathogens they might carry survive are all decisive factors for the spread…
In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of spherical droplets in the presence of a source-sink pair flow field. The dynamics of the droplets is governed by the Maxey-Riley equation with Basset-Boussinesq history term neglected. We find…
In this work we investigate viral load propagation due to liquid droplets expelled during respiratory actions. We describe a mechanism of the transmission of such evaporating system and analyze dependence on several ambient parameters for…
Short-range exposure to airborne virus-laden respiratory droplets is now acknowledged as an effective transmission route of respiratory diseases, as exemplified by COVID-19. In order to assess the risks associated with this pathway in…
Spreading of respiratory diseases, such as COVID-19, from contaminated surfaces is dependent on the drying time of the deposited droplets containing the virus. The evaporation rate depends on environmental conditions, such as ambient…
Airborne transmission has been recognized as an important route of transmission for SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. While coughing and sneezing are spectacular sources of production of infected aerosols with…
The risks of disease transmission due to these droplets are significantly high in confined public spaces like elevators. A numerical analysis using OpenFOAM has been performed in this work to investigate the droplet dispersion routes in an…