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The most general evolution of the density matrix of a quantum system with a finite-dimensional state space is by stochastic maps which take a density matrix linearly into the set of density matrices. These dynamical stochastic maps form a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 E. C. G. Sudarshan , Anil Shaji

Density matrices are the most general descriptions of quantum states, covering both pure and mixed states. Positive semidefiniteness is a physical requirement of density matrices, imposing nonnegative probabilities of measuring physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-11 Colm Kelleher

We initiate a study of linear maps on $M_n(\mathbb{C})$ that have the property that they factor through a tracial von Neumann algebra $(\mathcal{A,\tau})$ via operators $Z\in M_n(\mathcal{A})$ whose entries consist of positive elements from…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2021-09-06 Jeremy Levick , Mizanur Rahaman

A proof using the theory of completely positive maps is given to the fact that if $A \in M_2$, or $A \in M_3$ has a reducing eigenvalue, then every bounded linear operator $B$ with $W(B) \subseteq W(A)$ has a dilation of the form $I \otimes…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2019-02-07 Chi-Kwong Li , Yiu-Tung Poon

Let $\Sigma_d^{++}$ be the set of positive definite matrices with determinant 1 in dimension $d\ge 2$. Identifying any two $SL_d(\mathbb{Z})$-congruent elements in $\Sigma_d^{++}$ gives rise to the space of reduced quadratic forms of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-07-18 Faustin Adiceam , Evgeniy Zorin

Positivity, the assumption that every unique combination of confounding variables that occurs in a population has a non-zero probability of an action, can be further delineated as deterministic positivity and stochastic positivity. Here, we…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-12 Paul N Zivich , Stephen R Cole , Daniel Westreich

We investigate the set of completely positive, trace-nonincreasing linear maps acting on the set M_N of mixed quantum states of size N. Extremal point of this set of maps are characterized and its volume with respect to the Hilbert-Schmidt…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-06-13 Valerio Cappellini , Hans-Juergen Sommers , Karol Zyczkowski

We present a method for the determination of the completely positive (CP) map describing a physical device based on random preparation of the input states, random measurements at the output, and maximum-likelihood principle. In the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Massimiliano F. Sacchi

A spectrahedron is the positivity region of a linear matrix pencil and thus the feasible set of a semidefinite program. We propose and study a hierarchy of sufficient semidefinite conditions to certify the containment of a spectrahedron in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-03-23 Kai Kellner , Thorsten Theobald , Christian Trabandt

Positivity or the stronger notion of complete positivity, and contextuality are central properties of quantum dynamics. In this work, we demonstrate that a physical unitary-universe dilation model could be employed to characterize the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-22 Song Cheng , Dongsheng Wang

Uhlmann showed that there exists a positive, unital and trace-preserving map transforming a Hermitian matrix $A$ into another $B$ if and only if the vector of eigenvalues of $A$ majorizes that of $B$. In this work I characterize the…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2021-05-20 Julio I. de Vicente

The generic linear evolution of the density matrix of a system with a finite-dimensional state space is by stochastic maps which take a density matrix linearly into the set of density matrices. These dynamical stochastic maps form a linear…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. C. G. Sudarshan

We derive a necessary condition for the existence of a completely-positive, linear, trace-preserving map which deterministically transforms one finite set of pure quantum states into another. This condition is also sufficient for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Anthony Chefles

In this paper we give a simple sequence of necessary and sufficient finite dimensional conditions for a positive map between certain subspaces of bounded linear operators on separable Hilbert spaces to be completely positive. These…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2018-07-09 Shmuel Friedland

We study the problem of quantum-state tomography under the assumption that the state of the system is close to pure. In this context, an efficient measurements that one typically formulates uniquely identify a pure state from within the set…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-11 Amir Kalev , Charles H. Baldwin , Ivan H. Deutsch

The Leinster matrix corresponding to a finite category has entries counting the number of morphisms between objects. A first question is to know which positive integer matrices come from at least one finite category. Here, that question…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Samer Allouch

We resolve an algebraic version of Schoenberg's celebrated theorem [Duke Math.J., 1942] characterizing entrywise matrix transforms that preserve positive definiteness. Compared to the classical real and complex settings, we consider…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-02-05 Dominique Guillot , Himanshu Gupta , Prateek Kumar Vishwakarma , Chi Hoi Yip

We study k-positive maps on operators. Proofs are given to different positivity criteria. Special attention is on positive maps arising in the study of quantum information science. Results of other researchers are extended and improved. New…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-14 Jinchuan Hou , Chi-Kwong Li , Yiu-Tung Poon , Xiaofei Qi , Nung-Sing Sze

The paper studies differentially positive systems, that is, systems whose linearization along an arbitrary trajectory is positive. We illustrate the use of differential positivity on compact forward invariant sets for the characterization…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-08-19 Fulvio Forni

The structure of the set of positivity-preserving maps between matrix algebras is notoriously difficult to describe. The notable exceptions are the results by St{\o}rmer and Woronowicz from 1960s and 1970s settling the low dimensional…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2015-12-11 Guillaume Aubrun , Stanisław J. Szarek