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Initial conditions for relativistic heavy-ion collisions may be far from equilibrium (i.e. there are large initial contributions from the shear stress tensor and bulk pressure) but it is expected that on very short time scales the dynamics…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-10-28 Travis Dore , Emma McLaughlin , Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler

In self-gravitating stars, two dimensional or geophysical flows and in plasmas, long range interactions imply a lack of additivity for the energy; as a consequence, the usual thermodynamic limit is not appropriate. However, by contrast with…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Freddy Bouchet , Julien Barré , Antoine Venaille

We study thermalization, hydrodynamization, and chemical equilibration in out-of-equilibrium Quark-Gluon Plasma starting from various initial conditions using QCD effective kinetic theory, valid at weak coupling. In non-expanding systems…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-04-30 Aleksi Kurkela , Aleksas Mazeliauskas

In this proceedings contribution, we summarize recent findings concerning the presence of early- and late-time attractors in non-conformal kinetic theory. We study the effects of varying both the initial momentum-space anisotropy and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-12-05 Huda Alalawi , Michael Strickland

The strong longitudinal expansion characteristic of heavy-ion collisions leads to universal attractor behavior of the resulting drop of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) already at very early times. Assuming approximate boost invariance and…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-12-17 Xin An , Michał Spaliński

I discuss an approach to derive from first principles, a real-time formalism to study the dynamical interplay of quantum and statistical-kinetic properties of non-equilibrium multi-parton systems produced in high-energy QCD processes. The…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Klaus Geiger

To describe theoretically the creation and evolution of the quark-gluon plasma, one typically employs three ingredients: a model for the initial state, non-hydrodynamic early time evolution, and hydrodynamics. In this paper we study the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-12-16 V. Balasubramanian , A. Bernamonti , J. de Boer , B. Craps , L. Franti , F. Galli , E. Keski-Vakkuri , B. Müller , A. Schäfer

Heavy-ion collisions at BNL's Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and CERN's Large Hadron Collider provide strong evidence for the formation of a quark-gluon plasma, with temperatures extracted from relativistic viscous hydrodynamic simulations…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-08-18 Jürgen Berges , Michal P. Heller , Aleksas Mazeliauskas , Raju Venugopalan

We briefly review some equilibrium and nonequilibrium properties of systems with long-range interactions. Such systems, which are characterized by a potential that weakly decays at large distances, have striking properties at equilibrium,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Stefano Ruffo

We consider a plasma of massless particles undergoing Bjorken expansion, mimicking the matter created in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. We study the transition to hydrodynamics using kinetic theory in the relaxation time…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-11-24 Jean-Paul Blaizot , Li Yan

We study the equilibration of a class of far-from-equilibrium strongly interacting systems using gauge/gravity duality. The systems we analyse are 2+1 dimensional and have a four dimensional gravitational dual. A prototype example of a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-06-01 Ioannis Bakas , Kostas Skenderis , Benjamin Withers

The pre-equilibrium evolution of a quark-gluon plasma produced in a heavy-ion collision is studied in the framework of kinetic theory. We discuss the approach to local thermal equilibrium, and the onset of hydrodynamics, in terms of a…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-01-17 Jean-Paul Blaizot , Li Yan

We study the energy loss of a heavy quark propagating through the matter produced in the collision of two sheets of energy [1]. Even though this matter is initially far-from-equilibrium we find that, when written in terms of the energy…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-12 Paul Chesler , Mindaugas Lekaveckas , Krishna Rajagopal

Equilibrium quantum systems are often described by a gas of weakly-interacting normal modes. Bringing such systems far from equilibrium, however, can drastically enhance mode-to-mode interactions. Understanding the resulting liquid is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-26 Anton V. Bubis , Lucia Vigliotti , Maksym Serbyn , Andrew P. Higginbotham

Far-from-equilibrium systems are ubiquitous in nature. They are also rich in terms of diversity and complexity. Therefore, it is an intellectual challenge to be able to understand the physics of far-from-equilibrium phenomena. In this paper…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-04-11 Atanu Chatterjee , Germano Iannacchione

We review the transport properties of the strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created in heavy-ion collisions at ultrarelativistic energies, i.e. out-of equilibrium, and compare them to the equilibrium properties. The description…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-12-15 Olga Soloveva , Pierre Moreau , Elena Bratkovskaya

A theory is developed for the evolution of the non-equilibrium distribution of quasiparticles when the scattering rate decreases due to particle collisions. We propose a "modified one-collision approximation" which is most effective for…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-10 R. N. Gurzhi , A. I. Kopeliovich , A. N. Kalinenko , A. V. Yanovsky , E. N. Bogachek , Uzi Landman , H. Buhmann , L. W. Molenkamp

Nonthermal attractors govern the emergent self-similar dynamics of far-from-equilibrium quantum systems, from ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions to cold-atom experiments. Within the framework of adiabatic hydrodynamization, the approach…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-19 Matisse De Lescluze , Michal P. Heller , Aleksas Mazeliauskas , Bruno Scheihing-Hitschfeld , Clemens Werthmann

Using gauge/gravity duality methods, we study the relaxation towards equilibrium of strongly interacting non-Abelian matter. We adopt boundary sourcing to drive the system out-of-equilibrium, and analyze the equilibration process through…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-10-20 L. Bellantuono , P. Colangelo , F. De Fazio , F. Giannuzzi , S. Nicotri

In this article we investigate how the drag coefficient $A$ and $\hat{q}$, the transverse momentum transfer by unit length, of charm quarks are modified if the QGP is not in complete thermal equilibrium using the dynamical quasi-particle…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-04-15 Taesoo Song , Pierre Moreau , Joerg Aichelin , Elena Bratkovskaya