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In imbalanced multi-class classification problems, the misclassification rate as an error measure may not be a relevant choice. Several methods have been developed where the performance measure retained richer information than the mere…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-11-05 Sokol Koço , Cécile Capponi

Traditionally, in supervised machine learning, (a significant) part of the available data (usually 50% to 80%) is used for training and the rest for validation. In many problems, however, the data is highly imbalanced in regard to different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Xiaowei Gu , Plamen P Angelov , Eduardo Almeida Soares

Trustworthiness in model predictions is crucial for safety-critical applications in the real world. However, deep neural networks often suffer from the issues of uncertainty estimation, such as miscalibration. In this study, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Wataru Hashimoto , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Taro Watanabe

Training of deep neural networks heavily depends on the data distribution. In particular, the networks easily suffer from class imbalance. The trained networks would recognize the frequent classes better than the infrequent classes. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Byungju Kim , Junmo Kim

Many real-world classification problems are significantly class-imbalanced to detriment of the class of interest. The standard set of proper evaluation metrics is well-known but the usual assumption is that the test dataset imbalance equals…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Jan Brabec , Tomáš Komárek , Vojtěch Franc , Lukáš Machlica

kNN based ensemble methods minimise the effect of outliers by identifying a set of data points in the given feature space that are nearest to an unseen observation in order to predict its response by using majority voting. The ordinary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Amjad Ali , Muhammad Hamraz , Naz Gul , Dost Muhammad Khan , Zardad Khan , Saeed Aldahmani

Biased sampling and missing data complicates statistical problems ranging from causal inference to reinforcement learning. We often correct for biased sampling of summary statistics with matching methods and importance weighting. In this…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-06-02 James Sharpnack

The nearest neighbor rule is a classic yet essential classification model, particularly in problems where the supervising information is given by pairwise dissimilarities and the embedding function are not easily obtained. Prototype…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-09 Shin Ando

We study the problem of learning local metrics for nearest neighbor classification. Most previous works on local metric learning learn a number of local unrelated metrics. While this "independence" approach delivers an increased flexibility…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-09-17 Jun Wang , Adam Woznica , Alexandros Kalousis

The $k$-nearest neighbour ($k$-NN) classifier is one of the oldest and most important supervised learning algorithms for classifying datasets. Traditionally the Euclidean norm is used as the distance for the $k$-NN classifier. In this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-12-02 Stan Hatko

The k Nearest Neighbors (kNN) method has received much attention in the past decades, where some theoretical bounds on its performance were identified and where practical optimizations were proposed for making it work fairly well in high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-06-14 Aleksander Lodwich , Faisal Shafait , Thomas Breuel

Nearest Neighbors Algorithm is a Lazy Learning Algorithm, in which the algorithm tries to approximate the predictions with the help of similar existing vectors in the training dataset. The predictions made by the K-Nearest Neighbors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Chandrasekaran Anirudh Bhardwaj , Megha Mishra , Kalyani Desikan

This paper analyzes k nearest neighbor classification with training data anonymized using anatomy. Anatomy preserves all data values, but introduces uncertainty in the mapping between identifying and sensitive values. We first study the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-10-30 Koray Mancuhan , Chris Clifton

We derive a new asymptotic expansion for the global excess risk of a local-$k$-nearest neighbour classifier, where the choice of $k$ may depend upon the test point. This expansion elucidates conditions under which the dominant contribution…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-05-21 Timothy I. Cannings , Thomas B. Berrett , Richard J. Samworth

In the k-nearest neighbor algorithm (k-NN), the determination of classes for test instances is usually performed via a majority vote system, which may ignore the similarities among data. In this research, the researcher proposes an approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-13 Jasper Kyle Catapang

Learning from imbalanced data is one of the most significant challenges in real-world classification tasks. In such cases, neural networks performance is substantially impaired due to preference towards the majority class. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-13 Bronislav Yasinnik , Moshe Salhov , Ofir Lindenbaum , Amir Averbuch

Data imbalance is common in many vision tasks where one or more classes are rare. Without addressing this issue conventional methods tend to be biased toward the majority class with poor predictive accuracy for the minority class. These…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-02-04 Chen Huang , Chen Change Loy , Xiaoou Tang

Numerous studies attempt to mitigate classification bias caused by class imbalance. However, existing studies have yet to explore the collaborative optimization of imbalanced learning and model training. This constraint hinders further…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Chuantao Li , Zhi Li , Jiahao Xu , Jie Li , Sheng Li

In last few years there are major changes and evolution has been done on classification of data. As the application area of technology is increases the size of data also increases. Classification of data becomes difficult because of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-05-09 Rushi Longadge , Snehalata Dongre

The k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) classification rule has proven extremely successful in countless many computer vision applications. For example, image categorization often relies on uniform voting among the nearest prototypes in the space of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2010-01-11 Paolo Piro , Richard Nock , Frank Nielsen , Michel Barlaud